Pediatrics HESI 2023

1. A 5-month-old is admitted to the hospital with vomiting and diarrhea. The pediatrician prescribes dextrose 5% and 0.25% normal saline with 2 mEq KCl/100 ml to be infused at 25 ml/hour. Prior to initiating the infusion, the nurse should obtain which assessment finding? - Serum BUN and creatinine levels. adding potassium = need adequate renal function + urine output 2. Which menu selection by a child with celiac disease indicates to the nurse that the child understands necessary dietary considerations? - Oven-baked potato chips and cola avoid: oats, wheat, rye and barley; intolerance to protein gluten 3. A 3-week-old newborn is brought to the clinic for follow-up after a home birth. The mother reports that her child bottle feeds for 5 minutes only and then falls asleep. The nurse auscultates a loud murmur characteristic of a ventricular septal defect (VSD), and finds the newborn is acyanotic with a respiratory rate of 64 breaths per minute. What instruction should the nurse provide the mother to ensure the infant is receiving adequate intake? (Select all that apply.) - A. Monitor the the infant's weight and number of wet diapers per day. - child should at least have 6 wet diapers per day. B. Increase the infant's intake per feeding by 1 to 2 ounces per week.- child is always fatigue, need to increase to 30 oz a day D. Allow the infant to rest and re-feed on demand or every 2 hours.- child is always fatigue, this will ensure adequate feeding. E. Use a softer nipple or increase the size of the nipple opening.- this will save energy 4. The nurse is planning care for school-aged children at a community care center. Which activity is best for the children? - Playing follow-the-leader. Erikson: industry vs inferiority achieve independence and productivity 5. Surgery is being delayed for an infant with undescended testes. In collaboration with the healthcare provider and the family, which prescription should the nurse anticipate? - A trial of human chorionic gonadotrophic hormone Frequent stimulation of the cremasteric reflex~ causes the testes to ascend, not descend. 6. The nurse observes a 4-year-old boy in a daycare setting. Which behavior would the nurse consider normal for this child? - Demonstrates aggressiveness by boasting when telling a story