Biology 150 Final Exam 2024 Latest Update Correct 100%(GRADED A+)

recombinant DNA - ANSWER DNA produced by combining DNA from different sources genetic engineering - ANSWER the transfer of a gene from the DNA of one organism into another organism, in order to produce an organism with desired traits biotechnology - ANSWER A form of technology that uses living organisms, usually genes, to modify products, to make or modify plants and animals, or to develop other microorganisms for specific purposes. gene cloning - ANSWER The production of multiple copies of a gene. plasmid - ANSWER a small cellular inclusion consisting of a ring of DNA that is not in a chromosome but is capable of autonomous replication restriction enzyme - ANSWER any of the enzymes that cut nucleic acid at specific restriction sites and produce restriction fragments restriction fragment - ANSWER the fragment of DNA that is produced by cleaving DNA with a restriction enzyme restriction site - ANSWER the specific sites at which a restriction enzyme will cleave DNA sticky end - ANSWER an end of DNA in which one strand of the double helix extends a few units beyond the other DNA ligase - ANSWER an enzyme that eventually joins the sugar-phosphate backbones of the Okazaki fragments cloning vector - ANSWER a carrier used to clone a gene and transfer it from one organism to another genomic library - ANSWER complete collection of cloned DNA fragments from an organism BAC - ANSWER Large circular vectors that can replicate very large pieces of DNA; used to clone pieces of human chromosomes for the Human Genome Project, can clone much larger pieces of DNA but have lower copy number