HS 350 Exam 2 Updated 2024 Questions With Complete Solutions

Why Parkinson's Disease and Alzheimer's Disease - ANS Incidence of both increases with age Population is aging (2030, proportion of the population >65, 20%) Huge impact on health care (NIA projecting 14 million with AD by 2040) Alzheimer's disease - ANS Most common cause of dementia (65%) Begins after 60, risk goes up with age PROGRESSIVE loss of cognitive function ---memory ---judgment and reasoning ---movement coordination Central Nervous System Involvement - ANS Alzheimer's disease begins in the hippocampus, spreads to cerebral cortex --Neuritic plaque --Neurofibrillary tangles --Cell loss ---Loss of Acetylcholine Develops slowly over time Neuritic plaques - ANS abnormal clumps of protein (amyloid) outside the neuron Neurofibrillary tangles - ANS twisted proteins (tau) inside the neuron Mild Alzheimer's signs and symptoms - ANS mild forgetfulness Moderate Alzheimer's signs and symptoms - ANS Severe memory loss Can't do simple tasks Speaking, writing Personality change Severe Alzheimer's signs and symptoms - ANS Unable to take care of themselves Wandering Gait/balance disturbances (falls) Causes/Risk Factors of Alzheimer's Disease - ANS Age (older) Female Genetic Link HBP, High cholesterol Sedentary lifestyle Education Genetic link with AD - ANS ApOE4 (double allele) Risk increases 4-fold if first degree relative has AD; risk increases 40 fold if 2 or more first degree relatives have AD Sedentary lifestyle AD - ANS Survey of people with AD and healthy family control of midlife activities --Per