Microbiology and infection TCDHA Midterm Exam Questions with Correct Answers

Microbiology and infection TCDHA Midterm Exam Questions with Correct Answers Major source of disease agents - Answer-mouth How do we control the spread of pathogens in the office? - Answer-standard precautions Asepsis - Answer-The absence of infection or infectious materials or agents Cross-Contamination - Answer-A process that allows transfer of microorganisms between persons and environmental surfaces Universal Precautions - Answer-consider all clients as being infected with blood borne pathogens and therefore applying infection control procedures to the care of all clients direct contact - Answer-Contact with microorganisms at the source as in the clients mouth indirect contact - Answer-Contact with items contaminated with a clients microorganisms droplet infection - Answer-Contact with sprays, splashes, aerosols or splatter containing microorganisms airborne infection - Answer-smaller particles, can remain airborne for hours Sterilization - Answer-destroy/kill all mo's in a material or on an object Disinfection - Answer-process that destroys mo's, not spores & viruses Bactericidal - Answer-agent that kills bacteria Bacteriostatic - Answer-stops growth of bacteria. Pasteurization - Answer-heat process employed to reduce # of bacteria and destroy pathogens Lyophilization - Answer-a process of preserving microbes from a substance by removing the water, rapidly freezing, then drying it by using a vacuum pump SPORES - Answer-Bacteria that develop a defense mechanism against death three common types of sterilization - Answer-heat, gas, liquid Thermophiles - Answer-heat loving bacteria Psychrophiles - Answer-cold loving bacteria Obligate Aerobes - Answer-grow in presence of oxygen Obligate Anaerobes - Answer-grow in absence of oxygen Facultative Anaerobes - Answer-grow in the presence or absence of oxygen Microaerophiles - Answer-can only tolerate a certain % of oxygen ACIDOGENIC - Answer-bacteria that produce acid during growth Halophilic Bacteria - Answer-sodium chloride loving bacteria Haloduric Bacteria - Answer-sodium chloride hating bacteria Halophiles - Answer-Salt loving bacteria Osomotolerant - Answer-mo's which can grow at relatively high salt concentration Saccharophiles - Answer-requires high sugar as an osmotic regulator instead of salt Antimicrobial - Answer-term used to designate all the categories of drugs used to treat infections. Resident skin flora - Answer-cannot be removed totally with surgical scrub Transient flora - Answer-serves as source of disease Endogenous Bacteria - Answer-Normally resides on or in body without causing harm but Has disease-producing potential Heat-resistant gloves are designed for which task? - Answer-Unloading sterilizers Which benefit is associated with properly fitted exam gloves? - Answer-Prevents hand fatigue