Chemistry 113 Final Exam Questions Perfectly Answered!!

Homogeneous Mixture - A mixture in which the composition is uniform throughout Heterogeneous Mixture - A mixture that is not uniform in composition; components are not evenly distributed throughout the mixture. SI Unit of Length - Meter (m) SI Unit of Mass - Kilogram (kg) SI Unit of Time - Second (s) SI Unit of Temperature - Kelvin (K) SI Unit of Amount - Mole (mol) Meter to Nanometer (nm) conversion factor - 10^-9 (1m = 1,000,000,000 nm) Meter to Micrometer (um) conversion factor - 10^-6 (1m = 1,000,000 um) Meter to Millimeter (mm) conversion factor - 10^-3 (1m = 1000 mm) Meter to Kilometer (km) conversion factor - 10^3 (1km = 1000 m) Physical Change - A change that affects the appearance but not the chemical makeup of a substance. (Ex: Phase changes, expansion upon heating, breaking, cutting)Chemical Change - A change in which one or more substances combine or break apart to form new substances. (Ex: Samples of hydrogen and oxygen gas combine to form H2O upon heating, burning, dissolving, digesting, cooking, rusting) Gas to Solid Phase Change - Deposition Solid to Gas Phase Change - Sublimation When given mass and volume, how do you calculate density? - D= m/v Which scientist determined mass and charge of an electron by irradiating oil droplets with X-Rays and observing their behavior? - Robert Millikan What is the oxidation number of an element in its elemental form, such as Fe, Cl2, or S8? - 0 What conditions must be true to there is no attraction between particles and the particles have nearly zero volume (Ideal Gas)? - Low Pressure and High Temperature Ideal Gas Law - PV=nRT Which is stronger, LDF or Covalent bonds? - Covalent bonds Rank London dispersion forces, Dipole-Dipole interactions and Hydrogen bonds in order from strongest to weakest - Hydrogen Bonding > DDI > LDF At high temperatures, do you have more or less Kinetic Energy? - more Critical Point - Where critical temperature and critical pressure are present (The temperature and pressure at which the gas and liquid states of a substance become identical and form one phase). If you pass this point, you arrive at a supercritical fluidDo stronger intermolecular forces result in a higher or lower freezing point? - Higher Which three molecules form Hydrogen Bonds with Hydrogen molecules? - Nitrogen (N), Oxygen (O) and Fluorine (F) Pure Substance - An elemental substance (Au) or a compound (H2O) Intensive Property - do NOT depend on amount (color, shape, MP, density) Extensive Property - DOES depend on amount (volume, mass, length) Kelvin to Celsius conversion - K = C + 273.15 Who discovered that the known elements combined in indefinite proportions and developed the atomic theory? - John Dalton Who discovered a stream of cathoid rays (electrons) by providing a potential through two electrodes in an evacuated glass tube? ("plum pudding model") - JJ Thompson