CHM 113 ASU Exam 1 Questions & Answers Already Passed!!

Definition of Chemistry - study of properties of materials and changes they undergo The five major branches of chemistry - Organic chemistry Inorganic chemistry Analytical chemistry Physical chemistry Biochemistry Classifications of matter - pure substance, mixture, homogeneous mixture, heterogeneous mixture, element, compound Law of constant composition (for compounds) - A compound will always consist of two or more pure substances The difference between a physical and chemical property - Physical Property: measured without changing the substance Chemical Property: how substance react or change to form different substances The difference between a physical and chemical change - Physical Change: substance changes physical appearance without altering its identity Chemical Change: substance transforms into a chemically different substance The six types of phase changes - freezing, melting, vaporization, condensation, sublimation, vapor deposition The difference between intensive and extensive properties - Intensive Properties: independent of the amount of the substance that is present (density, boiling point, color) Extensive Properties: depend upon the amount of substance present (mass, volume, energy)The 5 fundamental SI units of measurement - kg, m, s, K, mol How to convert between Kelvin and Centigrade temperatures; marker temperatures on both scales in reference to water - Celcius: water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees K= C + 273.15 Volume - volume = (units of length)^3 = m^3 Density - density = (mass/volume) = g/cm^3 or G/mL Giga - G (10^9) Mega - M (10^6) Kilo - k (10^3) Deci - d (10^-1) Centi - c (10^-2 Milli - m (10^-3) Micro - m^b (10^-6) Nano - n (10^-9)Pico - p (10^-12) Precision - how well measured quantities agree with each other Accuracy - how well measured quantities agree with the "true value" Conversion factors - desired unit = given unit x (conversion factor) (desired unit) / (given unit) H - Hydrogen Li - Lithium Na - Sodium K - Potassium Be - Beryllium Mg - Magnesium Ca - Calcium Sc - Scandium Ti - TitaniumV - Vanadium Cr - Chromium Mn - Manganese Fe - Iron Co - Cobalt Ni - Nickel Cu - Copper Zn - Zinc B - Boron Al - Aluminum Ga - Gallium C - Carbon Si - Silicon Ge - Germanium