Life 103 Exam 1 CSU Questions Perfectly Answered!!

Science - Answer-recognizing patterns in the natural world and understanding the mechanisms that give rise to those patterns The Diversity of Life - Answer-Patterns How plants and animals work - Answer-Mechanisms Evolution - Answer-the change in allele frequencies in a population over time Four Mechanisms of Evolution - Answer-Selection, Genetic Drift, Mutation, and Migration Selection - Answer-changes in allele frequencies due to organisms with advantageous alleles reproducing more successfully than organisms with other alleles Genetic Drift - Answer-random change in allele frequencies in a population Mutation - Answer-the source of all new allelic diversity Migration - Answer-movement of alleles between population Adaptation - Answer-a trait that evolves by selection for a particular function (because it increases fitness) from an ancestor that did not have that trait; these can be morphological, behavioral, or molecular. They solve problems faced by populations and different populations may have different solutions to similar problems Phylogeny - Answer-the evolutionary relationships of a group of organisms (species level and higher) Phylogenetic Tree - Answer-diagram of the ancestral relationships among species; describes patterns, provides information about when certain large events may occurTaxonomy - Answer-the ordered division and naming of organisms Carl Linnaeus - Answer-published a system of taxonomy based on resemblances; two part name for species and hierarchical classification Binomial - Answer-the two part scientific name of a species Genus - Answer-the first part of the name Specific Epithet - Answer-the second part of the name unique for each species within the genus Taxonomic groups (from broad to narrow) - Answer-Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family genus, species Taxon - Answer-a taxonomic unit at any level of hierarchy Characters - Answer-types of data we can use to reconstruct a tree (morphological traits, behavior, chemical composition, chromosome number, DNA) Character State - Answer-Variation among characters Branch point - Answer-represent the divergence of two species Sister taxa - Answer-groups that share an immediate common ancestor Rooted tree - Answer-includes a branch to represent the last common ancestor of all taxa in the tree Polytomy - Answer-a branch from which more than two groups emergeEcology - Answer-the study of the distribution and interaction of organisms with other organisms and the environment Population - Answer-a group of individuals of the same species living in the same area Population ecology - Answer-focuses on factors affecting how many individuals of a species live in an area (most mathematically based on sub discipline of ecology) Community Ecology - Answer-deals with the whole array of interacting species in a community Ecosystem Ecology - Answer-emphasizes energy flowing chemical cycling among the various biotic and abiotic components (movement of carbon, nitrogen and other chemicals through the ecosystem) Biotic Factors - Answer-organisms interacting with other species (Predator/prey, Herbivore/plant) Abiotic Factors - Answer-Non-living parts of the environment (chemical i.e. pH/salinity) Dispersal - Answer-the movement of individuals; one way trip (migration is a round trip)