ARDMS- SPI EXAM | QUESTIONS & ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED A+ | UPDATED 2024

ARDMS- SPI EXAM | QUESTIONS & ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED A+ | UPDATED 2024 The horizontal axis, or x-axis Runs side to side The vertical axis, or y-axis Runs up and down Unrelated Two items that are not associated Related or Proportional Two items that are associated or affiliated However, the relationship between the items does not have to be specified Directly related or Directly proportional Two items that are associated such that when one item increases, the other increases Inversely related or inversely proportional Two items are associated such that when one item increases, the other decreases Reciprocal Relationship When two numbers with a reciprocal relationship are multiplied together, the result is one Reciprocal numbers are inverse because when one increases, the other decreases For a numerical answer to a question to be comprehensive, it requires a Unit "Increase by a factor" means To multiply by that number "Decrease by a factor" means To divide by that number Scientific or engineering notation is a shorthand manner to represent what types of numbers? Very large or very small numbers A number in scientific notation form with a positive exponent has a value Greater than 10 A number in scientific notation form with an exponent of zero has a value Between 1 and 10 A number in scientific notation form with a negative exponent has a value Less than 1 10⌃9 Prefix: giga Symbol: G Meaning: billion 10⌃6 Prefix: mega Symbol: M Meaning: million 10⌃3 Prefix: kilo Symbol: k Meaning: thousand 10⌃2 Prefix: hecto Symbol: h Meaning: hundred 10⌃1 Prefix: deca Symbol: da Meaning: ten 10⌃-1 Prefix: deci Symbol: d Meaning: tenth 10⌃-2 Prefix: centi Symbol: c Meaning: hundredth 10⌃-3 Prefix: milli Symbol: m Meaning: thousandth 10^-6 Prefix: micro Symbol: μ Meaning: millionth 10^-9 Prefix: nano Symbol: n Meaning: billionth List all these metric terms in increasing order: A. mega B. micro C. milli D. hecto E. deca F. deci micro, milli, deci, deca, hecto, mega List all these metric terms in decreasing order: A. nano B. canti C. giga D. kilo E. hecto F. micro giga, kilo,hecto, centi, micro, nano Sound pulses travel through biologic tissue, or ______. Media All waves carry _____ from one location to another. Energy Sound is a __________ wave in which particles in the medium move. Mechanical Sound cannot travel through a ______; it must travel through a ______. Vacuum, medium What does compressed mean? Squeezed together What does rarefied mean? Stretched apart Sound travels in a ________ line. Straight Sound waves are ____________ waves. Longitudinal What is the propagation speed dependent on? The medium Are there any biologic effects on tissue? No Sound waves are identified by Oscillations in acoustic variables What are the three acoustic variables? (With their units) pressure - pascals (Pa), density - kg/cm^3, distance - cm, mm If something other than pressure, density, or distance (particle motion) rhythmically oscillates in a wave, then the wave... Is not a sound wave Sound waves are also known as Acoustic waves What are the seven Acoustic Parameters? Period, frequency, amplitude, power, intensity, wavelength, propagation speed Particles move in a direction that is perpendicular to the direction that the wave propagates in what wave? Transverse wave Particles move in the same direction that the wave propagates in a ____________ wave. Longitudinal When are a pair of waves considered in-phase? When their peaks and troughs occur at the same time and at the same location Considered "in step" What happens when two waves are out-of-phase? Their peaks occur at different times, and so do their troughs "out of step" What is interference? When more than one beam travels in a medium and arrive at the same location at exactly the same time These waves lose their individual characteristics and combine to form a single wave The interference of in-phase waves results in a single wave of _________ amplitude. This is called ___________. Greater, constructive interference (Larger Wave) The interference of a pair of out-of-phase waves results in the formation of a single wave of _____ amplitude. This combination is called _____________________. Lesser, destructive interference (Smaller Wave) When frequencies of waves differ, what kind of wave occurs? Both constructive and destructive interference What do waves transfer from one location to another? Energy Two waves are traveling in a medium and arrive at a location at the same time. What event takes place? Interference Which types of waves will exhibit both constructive and destructive interference? Waves of different frequency What units are used to report the pressure of a sound beam? Pascals, Pa What describes features of a sound wave? Parameters What is the source of a sound wave? The ultrasound system and the transducer Some parameters are determined by the tissue through which the sound is traveling, also called a __________. Medium What is period? And what is it determined by? The time it takes a wave to vibrate a single cycle, or the time from start of a cycle to the start of the next cycle It is determined by the source What is frequency? And what is it determined by? The number of cycles that occurs in one second Determined by the sound source only 1 cycle/second = 1 Hertz If the frequency of a sound wave is less than _____, it is below the threshold of human hearing and cannot be heard. These are defined as ____________. 20 Hz, infrasonic Audible sound waves that humans can hear are frequencies between _______________________. 20 Hz and 20,000 Hz What is ultrasound's frequency? Greater than 20,000 Hz or 20 kHz Why is frequency important in diagnostic sonography? It affects penetration and image quality Period and frequency are __________ related to each other. Inversely When two reciprocal parameters are multiplied together, the result is: 1 What three parameters describe the size, or magnitude, or strength of a sound wave? Amplitude, power, intensity What is Amplitude? The "bigness" of a wave. It is the difference between the maximum value and the average or undisturbed value of an acoustic variable Also the difference between the minimum value and the average value of the acoustic variable What is Amplitude determined by? And is it adjustable? Initially, amplitude is determined only by the sound source, however amplitude decreases as sound propagates through the body (attenuation) Yes, a control on ultrasound systems allows the sonographer to alter initial amplitude What is the difference between amplitude and peak-to-peak amplitude? Amplitude is measured from the middle value to the maximum value. Peak-to-peak amplitude is the difference between maximum and minimum values of an acoustic variable Peak-to-peak is twice the value of the amplitude What is power? The rate of energy transfer or the rate at which work is performed. Power, like amplitude, describes the "bigness" of the wave What is power determined by? And can it be changed?