ABAT Exam Prep 2024 with Complete Solution

ABAT Exam Prep 2024 with Complete Solution What is autism? - Answer ️️ -A developmental disorder of variable severity that is characterized by difficulty in social interaction and communication and by restricted or repetitive patterns of thought and behavior -autism as a spectrum disorder with a triad of primary impairments What are the triad of impairments? - Answer ️️ -1. Social 2. Communication 3. Restrictive/Repetitive Behavior What are common characteristics of social/communication? - Answer ️️ --intrusive touching -all "businesss talk" (taking things seriously and can not catch on social queues in a way/ how Chloe acts) -lack of eye contact -limited facial expressions -does not play with others -does not initiate conversation -abnormal volume of voice What are common characteristics of restrictive/repetitive behaviors? - Answer ️️ --repetition of words/rate of language -rigid adherence (no budging) -repetitive behavior hand flipping ( stim) -spinning (stim) -teeth grinding -atypical sensory behavior to texture/smell/sound/5 senses What are the 5 disorders that make up ASD? - Answer ️️ -1. Autistic Disorder - also known as causal autism 2. Aspergers Syndrome 3. Pervasive Developmental Disorder - also known as PDD-NOS 4. Rett's Syndrome 5. Childhood Disintegrative Disorder - also known as CDD Social and Emotional Interaction issues - Answer ️️ -- standing too close to people -unaware of different ways of interacting with others -has desire to have friends and relationships but struggles to initiate and maintain these Imagination and Flexibility of Thought issues - Answer ️️ -- does not understand others points of view or feelings -takes everything literally -agitated by change in routine Social communication and Language issues - Answer ️️ -- asks repetitive questions - cannot read between the lines of what people mean - communicates for own needs rather than for 'social' engagement - makes factual comments inappropriate to the context Terminology associated with diagnosis - Answer ️️ --pragmatic language -receptive and expressive language -sensory motor -social skills -joint attention -stereotypy What is Comorbidity? - Answer ️️ -Children with ASD may also have other medical or psychiatric conditions What are common conditions that might be diagnosed with children with ASD? (Comorbid disorders) - Answer ️️ -- anxiety - ADHD - Bipolar disorder - Clinical Depression - Down Syndrome - Fragile X syndrome - Gastrointestinal Symptoms - Intellectual disability and developmental delays - Motor difficulties - OCD - Seizures and epilepsy - Tourette syndrome - Tuberous Sclerosis What is Asperger Syndrome? - Answer ️️ -- high functioning autism - have difficulty interacting socially -exhibit a restrictive range of interests / repetitive behavior - motor development may be delayed causing clumsiness or uncoordinated motor movements What is joint attention? - Answer ️️ -Occurs when two people share interests in an object -when the child points to something, not because they want it, but to show it to someone for a social purpose -child can respond to someone initiating the joint attention or they can initiate it EXAMPLE: pointing to a toy, bringing attention to something What is HYPERsensitivity? - Answer ️️ --over reactivity to sensory input -being overwhelmed by a stimulus that most people would consider normal or common EXAMPLE: whenever the phone rings, a child with hypersensitivity might close their ears shut because they are sensitive to the noise What is HYPOsensitivity? - Answer ️️ -- under reactivity to sensory input - brain does not register incoming stimuli appropriately so the child is not as affected by the stimuli EXAMPLE: child spinning constantly and never appears to be dizzy What is serial memory processing? - Answer ️️ --the act of attending to and processing one item at a time - information is sequential or in stages -similar to DTT EXAMPLE: when teaching a kid about coins, you introduce each coin individually What is parallel memory processing? - Answer ️️ --the act of attending to and processing all items simultaneously —knowing your color, motion, shape, and depth -similar to PRT What are the functions of behaviors? - Answer ️️ -1. SELF STIMULATORY : the individual behaves in a specific way because it feels good to them 2. ESCAPE/AVOIDANCE : the individual engages in a behavior to get out of doing something he/she does not want to do 3. ATTENTION SEEKING : the individual engages in a behavior to get focuses attention from parents, teachers, siblings, or peers 4. TANGIBLES (ACCESS/TARGETING) : individual engages in a hagiography in order to get a highly preferred item or participate in a highly prefer