ARDS and Mechanical Ventilation Test Bank verified already passed

ARDS and Mechanical Ventilation Test BankWhen the nurse is explaining respiratory failure to the patient's family, what is the most accurate description to use? a. The absence of ventilation. b. Any episode in which part of the airway is obstructed. c. Inadequate gas exchange to meet the needs of the body. d. An episode of acute hypoxemia caused by a pulmonary dysfunction. - correct answer ANS: C Which diagnostic test will provide the nurse with the most specific information to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions for a patient with ventilatory failure? a. Chest x-ray b. O2 saturation c. Arterial blood gas analysis d. Central venous pressure monitoring - correct answer ANS: C Arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis is most useful in this setting because ventilatory failure causes problems with CO2 retention, and ABGs give information about the PaCO2 and pH. The other tests may also be done to help in assessing oxygenation or determining the cause of the patient's ventilatory failure. While caring for a patient who has been admitted with a pulmonary embolism, the nurse notes a change in the patient's oxygen saturation (SpO2) from 94% to 88%. Which action should the nurse take? a. Suction the patient's oropharynx. b. Increase the prescribed O2 flowrate. c. Teach the patient to cough and deep breathe. d. Help the patient to sit in a more upright position. - correct answer ANS: B Increasing O2 flowrate will usually improve O2 saturation in patients with ventilation-perfusion mismatch, as occurs with pulmonary embolism. Because the problem is with perfusion, actions that improve ventilation, such as deep breathing and coughing, sitting upright, and suctioning, are not likely to improve oxygenation.