Pharmacology Exam 4 -- Antibiotics + NCLEX Questions with answers 2024

Pharmacology Exam 4 -- Antibiotics + NCLEX QuestionsWhat are the 7 main categories of antibiotics + their general mechanism of action? - correct answer >sulfonamides >penicillins >cephalosporins >macrolides >quinolones >aminoglycosides >tetracyclines >general MOA: - interference w/ cell wall synthesis and protein synthesis - interference with DNA replication - disrupts critical metabolic reactions What are the 3 main sulfonamides + their specific mechanism of action? - correct answer >sulfadiazine >sulfamethoxazole >sulfisoxazole * often combined with trimethoprim for treatment (hint = SULFOnamides = SULFA) >MOA: - bacteriostatic action - prevents synthesis of folic acid required for synthesis of purines and nucleic acid >indications - effective against both gram positive and negative bacterias - treatment of UTIs - PJP - URI What are the 4 main categories of B-lactam antibiotics? - correct answer >penicillins >cephalosphorins >carbapenems >monobactams What are the 4 main subcategories of the B-lactam antibiotic penicillin? + examples for each - correct answer >natural penicillins - penicillin G - penicillin V >penicillinase-resistant penicillins - cloxacillin - dicloxacillin - nafcillin - oxacillin >aminopenicillins - amoxicillin - ampicillin >extended-spectrum penicillins