DANB ICE test review (study guide for ICE exam) questions with 100% correct answers

OPIM: other potential infectious material When Should Masks be Worn: during all times when splash, splatter, spray and aerosols may occur OSHA Regulations Mandates that Lab Coats be Laundered by who clinic or outside facility hired by clinic Bioburden: debris, microorganisms left on surfaces, (such as saliva and blood) Antibiotics: kills microbes in our body Antiseptics: kills microbes on skin or body surface Disinfectants: kills microbes on inanimate surfaces, prevent future growth Sterilants: kills ALL microbes on inanimate surfaces Sterilant/HIGH LEVEL Disinfectant: kills all microbes on inanimate objects, (heat resistant object) Intermediate Level Disinfectant: kills vegetative bacteria, fungi, virus, M., tuberculosis Low-Level Disinfectant: kills most vegetative bacteria, some fungi & some viruses, NOT tuberculosis Virucidal: kills some virsues Suffix-cidal: to kill Bactericidal: kills some bacteria Fungicidal: kills some fungi Tuberculocidal: kills tuberculosis bacterium Sporcidal: kills high level bacterial endospores, (for non-heat resistant items) Hospital Disinfectant: kills 3 main bacteria Chlorine Compounds: bleach=sodium hypochlorite, Intermediate level disinfectant at 1:10 to 1:100 dilution, mix fresh daily Iodophors: iodine based, most are intermediate level disinfectant, prepare daily, NOT used anymore Alcohols: Isopropyl/ethyl- antiseptic and disinfect, rapid evaporation, poor cleaners, NOT used as a surface disinfectant, used as a component in disinfectants Phenols: aka- carbolic acid, first widely used disinfectant, intermediate level disinfectant, detergent added to aid w/cleaning, dilute & mix fresh daily Sterilization: process intended to kill all microorganisms and is the highest level of microbial kill that can be achieved Disinfection: less lethal, kills disease-producing microorganisms but NOT bacterial endospores Types of Sterilization: (3) heat, gas, liquid chemical Categories of Pt Care Items: (3) critical, semi-critical, non-critical Critical: penetrates soft tissue, contacts bone, enters into blood stream, ex. surgical instruments, scalers, scalpels- MUST be cleaned and sterilized by heat Semi-critical: contacts mucous membranes, does not penetrate, ex. mouth mirror, impression trays, amalgam condensor- heat resistant items must be cleaned & treated w/ high-level disinfectants Non-critical: contacts the skin, ex. blood pressure cuff, stethoscope- items are cleaned and treated with a low-level disinfectant, intermediate-level disinfectant if visible blood Universal Sterilization: all reusable instruments and handpieces are sterilized, NOT disinfected, between use on patients Steps of Sterilization: (7) transport, cleaning, packaging, sterilization, storage, delivery, quality Monitoring: (3) biological, chemical, mechanical Biological Monitoring: aka- spore testing, place spore strip into sterilizers, if spores are killed sterilizers are working Biological spores: (2) geobacillus stearothermophilus, bacillus atropheus CDC, ADA Recommend that Testing be Done: weekly Employee training on Hazard communication program - staff training is required when? upon hire, when new chemical is introduced, and once a year thereafter - records of training kept for 3 years Chemical Monitoring: use of heat sensitive indicators, pouches w/ dots that change color, tape that change color, colored liquid, NOT an indication of sterilization Mechanical Monitoring: use of visible means, watching gauges, recording temps, pressure, exposure times, does NOT indicate sterilization Microorganisms: (5) bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, prions Endogenous: originate within body, not transmitted to another Exogenous: orignate outside individuals body, body is invaded; radiation, chemical agents, trauma, extreme temps