Samenvatting Bak – jaar 1 semester 2
Inhoudsopgave
Table of Contents
Samenvatting Bak – jaar 1 semester 2.....................................................................................1
Hoofdstuk 1 – Diagnostiek: inschatten van mensen - psychodiagnostiek en
assessment...............................................................................................................................6
Hoofdstuk 3 – intake en probleemanalyse - psychodiagnostiek en assessment............9
3.1. diversiteit in intakegesprekken en probleemanalyse..............................................9
3.2. luisteren: een state of mind........................................................................................9
3.3. van luisteren naar analyseren...................................................................................10
3.4. afbakenen van de vraagstelling................................................................................11
3.5. operationaliseren van begrippen.............................................................................11
3.6. resultaat van de intake: de probleemanalyse.........................................................11
Hoofdstuk 4 - psychodiagnostiek en assessment.............................................................11
4.1. vakkennis naast psychodianostische skills..............................................................11
4.2. beoordelen: vergelijken met een norm...................................................................11
4.3. competentieprofielen in bedrijven en organisaties...............................................11
4.4. contextkennis in ggz, onderwijs, opvoeding en zorg............................................13
4.5. professionaliteit = diagnostische kennis + contextkennis + X..............................13
Hoofdstuk 5 - psychodiagnostiek en assessment.............................................................14
5.1. Het hypothese toetsend model (HTM).....................................................................14
Hoofdstuk 7 – inleiding in de psychologie.........................................................................14
7.1. Wat kan een pasgeboren baby?................................................................................15
7.2. Welke vaardigheden moet een kind zich eigen maken?.......................................19
7.3. Welke ontwikkelingen vinden plaats tijdens de adolescentie?.............................23
7.4. Welke ontwikkelingen vinden plaats tijdens de volwassenheid?.........................24
Hoofdstuk 1 – personality psychology – Introduction to Personality Psychology........24
1.1. Personality defined....................................................................................................24
1.2. Three levels of personality analysis..........................................................................26
1.3. Then and now.............................................................................................................28
1.4. Six domains of knowledge about human nature...................................................28
1.5. The role of personality theory...................................................................................29
, 1.6. Standards for evaluating personality theories.......................................................29
1.7. Is there a grand ultimate and true theory of personality?....................................30
Hoofdstuk 3 – Personality psychology – Traits and trait taxonomies.............................30
3.1. What is a trait? Two basis formulations...................................................................30
3.2. The act frequency formulation of traits – an illustration of the descriptive
summary formulation.......................................................................................................31
3.3. Identification of the most important traits.............................................................31
3.4. Taxonomies of personality........................................................................................32
Hoofdstuk 4 – Personality Psychology – Measurement issues in trait psychology.......37
4.1. Theoretical issues.......................................................................................................37
4.2. Measurement issues..................................................................................................38
4.3. Personality and selection...........................................................................................38
Hoofdstuk 8 – Personality Psychology – evolutionary perspectives on personality.....39
8.1. Evolution and natural selection................................................................................39
8.2. Evolutionary psychology............................................................................................40
8.3. Human nature.............................................................................................................41
8.4. Sex differences............................................................................................................41
8.5. Individual differences.................................................................................................42
8.6. The big five, motivation and evolutionarily relevant adaptive problems............42
8.7. Limitations of evolutionary psychology...................................................................42
Hoofdstuk 9 – Personality Psychology – psychoanalytic approaches to personality....43
9.1. Sigmund Freud: a brief biography...........................................................................43
9.2. Fundamental assumptions of psychoanalytic theory............................................43
9.3. Structure of personality.............................................................................................44
9.4. Dynamics of personality............................................................................................44
9.5. Psychosexual stages of personality development.................................................45
9.6. Personality and psychoanalysis................................................................................45
9.7. Why is psychoanalysis important?............................................................................46
9.8. psychoanalytic research............................................................................................47
9.9. Evaluation of psychoanalysis and Freud’s contributions.......................................47
9.10 Beyond classical psychoanalysis..............................................................................47
Hoofdstuk 10 – Personality Psychology – Motives and personality................................49
10.1. Basic concepts..........................................................................................................49
10.2. Self-determination theory.......................................................................................50
10.3. The big three motives: achievement, power, and intimacy.................................50
, 10.4. Humanistic tradition: the motive to self-actualize...............................................51
Hoofdstuk 2 – ontwikkelingspsychologie || - Sociale en persoonlijke ontwikkeling
tijdens de vroege volwassenheid........................................................................................53
2.1. Relaties aangaan: intimiteit, aardig vinden en liefhebben tijdens de vroege
volwassenheid....................................................................................................................53
2.2. Het verloop van relaties.............................................................................................58
2.3. Werk: een beroep kiezen...........................................................................................59
Hoofdstuk 4 – Ontwikkelingspsychologie – Sociale en persoonlijke ontwikkeling
tijdens de middelbare leeftijd..............................................................................................61
4.1. Persoonlijke ontwikkeling.........................................................................................61
4.2. Relaties: familie tijdens de middelbare leeftijd.......................................................62
4.3. Werk en vrije tijd.........................................................................................................63
Hoofdstuk 5 – Personality psychology – personality dispositions over time: stability
and change.............................................................................................................................64
5.1. Conceptual issues: personality development, stability, and change...................64
5.2. Personality stability over time...................................................................................65
5.3. Personality change.....................................................................................................66
Hoofdstuk 11 – Personality psychology – cognitive topics in personality......................67
11.1. Personality revealed through perception..............................................................68
11.2. Personality revealed through interpretation........................................................69
11.3. Personality revealed through goals.......................................................................70
Hoofdstuk 13 – Personality psychology – emotion and personality...............................70
13.1. Basic aspects of emotions.......................................................................................71
13.2. Issues in emotion research.....................................................................................71
13.3. Content versus style of emotional life...................................................................71
Hoofdstuk 14 – Personality psychology – Approaches to the self...................................73
14.1. Descriptive component of the self: self-concept..................................................73
14.2. Evaluative component of the self: self-esteem.....................................................74
14.3. Social component of the self: social identity.........................................................75
Hoofdstuk 6 – Inleiding in de psychologie – denken en intelligentie.............................75
6.1. Wat zijn de bouwstenen van denken?......................................................................75
6.1.2. voorstellingsvermogen en cognitieve plattegronden........................................76
6.1.3. schema’s en scripts.................................................................................................76
6.1.4. denken en de hersenen..........................................................................................76
6.1.5. intuïtie.......................................................................................................................77
6.2. Over welke vaardigheden beschikken goede denkers?........................................77
, 6.3. Hoe kunnen we intelligentie meten?.......................................................................78
6.4. Wat zijn de bouwstenen van intelligentie?..............................................................80
6.5. Hoe verklaren psychologen IQ-verschillen tussen groepen?...............................81
Hoofdstuk 12 – Personality psychology – Intelligence.....................................................82
12.1. Why does intelligence matter?...............................................................................82
12.2. Defining intelligence................................................................................................82
12.3. Implicit theories of intelligence..............................................................................83
12.4. Approaches to and history of intelligence............................................................83
12.5. Intelligence tests......................................................................................................85
1.2.6. Genetics, environment, and race issues in intelligence.....................................86
Artikel CHC-model.................................................................................................................86
De oorsprong van het CHC-model...................................................................................86
Het CHC-model...................................................................................................................87
CHC-model in de praktijk..................................................................................................88
Meest gebruikte intelligentietests...................................................................................89
Hoofdstuk 1 – ontwikkelingspsychologie || – Lichamelijke en cognitieve ontwikkeling
tijden de vroege volwassenheid..........................................................................................90
1.1. Lichamelijke ontwikkeling.........................................................................................90
1.2. Cognitieve ontwikkeling............................................................................................92
1.3. Hoger onderwijs volgen............................................................................................93
Hoofdstuk 3 – ontwikkelingspsychologie || - Lichamelijke en cognitieve ontwikkeling
tijdens de middelbare leeftijd..............................................................................................94
3.1. Lichamelijke ontwikkeling.........................................................................................94
3.2. Gezondheid.................................................................................................................95
3.3. Cognitieve ontwikkeling............................................................................................96
Hoofdstuk 8 – Inleiding in de psychologie – Vormen van bewustzijn.............................96
8.1. De hersenen werken op vele niveaus tegelijk, zowel bewuste als onbewuste...97
8.3. Welke andere vormen kan het bewustzijn aannemen?.........................................99
Hoofdstuk 9 – inleiding in de psychologie – motivatie en emotie................................102
9.1. Wat motiveert ons?..................................................................................................102
9.2. Hoe worden onze motivatiepriotiteiten gesteld?.................................................102
9.3. Waar staan honger en seksuele motivatie in de motivatie hiërarchie?.............105
9.4. Hoe motiveren onze emoties ons?.........................................................................107
9.5. Waar komen onze emoties vandaan?....................................................................109
Aandacht en executief functioneren.................................................................................110
Inhoudsopgave
Table of Contents
Samenvatting Bak – jaar 1 semester 2.....................................................................................1
Hoofdstuk 1 – Diagnostiek: inschatten van mensen - psychodiagnostiek en
assessment...............................................................................................................................6
Hoofdstuk 3 – intake en probleemanalyse - psychodiagnostiek en assessment............9
3.1. diversiteit in intakegesprekken en probleemanalyse..............................................9
3.2. luisteren: een state of mind........................................................................................9
3.3. van luisteren naar analyseren...................................................................................10
3.4. afbakenen van de vraagstelling................................................................................11
3.5. operationaliseren van begrippen.............................................................................11
3.6. resultaat van de intake: de probleemanalyse.........................................................11
Hoofdstuk 4 - psychodiagnostiek en assessment.............................................................11
4.1. vakkennis naast psychodianostische skills..............................................................11
4.2. beoordelen: vergelijken met een norm...................................................................11
4.3. competentieprofielen in bedrijven en organisaties...............................................11
4.4. contextkennis in ggz, onderwijs, opvoeding en zorg............................................13
4.5. professionaliteit = diagnostische kennis + contextkennis + X..............................13
Hoofdstuk 5 - psychodiagnostiek en assessment.............................................................14
5.1. Het hypothese toetsend model (HTM).....................................................................14
Hoofdstuk 7 – inleiding in de psychologie.........................................................................14
7.1. Wat kan een pasgeboren baby?................................................................................15
7.2. Welke vaardigheden moet een kind zich eigen maken?.......................................19
7.3. Welke ontwikkelingen vinden plaats tijdens de adolescentie?.............................23
7.4. Welke ontwikkelingen vinden plaats tijdens de volwassenheid?.........................24
Hoofdstuk 1 – personality psychology – Introduction to Personality Psychology........24
1.1. Personality defined....................................................................................................24
1.2. Three levels of personality analysis..........................................................................26
1.3. Then and now.............................................................................................................28
1.4. Six domains of knowledge about human nature...................................................28
1.5. The role of personality theory...................................................................................29
, 1.6. Standards for evaluating personality theories.......................................................29
1.7. Is there a grand ultimate and true theory of personality?....................................30
Hoofdstuk 3 – Personality psychology – Traits and trait taxonomies.............................30
3.1. What is a trait? Two basis formulations...................................................................30
3.2. The act frequency formulation of traits – an illustration of the descriptive
summary formulation.......................................................................................................31
3.3. Identification of the most important traits.............................................................31
3.4. Taxonomies of personality........................................................................................32
Hoofdstuk 4 – Personality Psychology – Measurement issues in trait psychology.......37
4.1. Theoretical issues.......................................................................................................37
4.2. Measurement issues..................................................................................................38
4.3. Personality and selection...........................................................................................38
Hoofdstuk 8 – Personality Psychology – evolutionary perspectives on personality.....39
8.1. Evolution and natural selection................................................................................39
8.2. Evolutionary psychology............................................................................................40
8.3. Human nature.............................................................................................................41
8.4. Sex differences............................................................................................................41
8.5. Individual differences.................................................................................................42
8.6. The big five, motivation and evolutionarily relevant adaptive problems............42
8.7. Limitations of evolutionary psychology...................................................................42
Hoofdstuk 9 – Personality Psychology – psychoanalytic approaches to personality....43
9.1. Sigmund Freud: a brief biography...........................................................................43
9.2. Fundamental assumptions of psychoanalytic theory............................................43
9.3. Structure of personality.............................................................................................44
9.4. Dynamics of personality............................................................................................44
9.5. Psychosexual stages of personality development.................................................45
9.6. Personality and psychoanalysis................................................................................45
9.7. Why is psychoanalysis important?............................................................................46
9.8. psychoanalytic research............................................................................................47
9.9. Evaluation of psychoanalysis and Freud’s contributions.......................................47
9.10 Beyond classical psychoanalysis..............................................................................47
Hoofdstuk 10 – Personality Psychology – Motives and personality................................49
10.1. Basic concepts..........................................................................................................49
10.2. Self-determination theory.......................................................................................50
10.3. The big three motives: achievement, power, and intimacy.................................50
, 10.4. Humanistic tradition: the motive to self-actualize...............................................51
Hoofdstuk 2 – ontwikkelingspsychologie || - Sociale en persoonlijke ontwikkeling
tijdens de vroege volwassenheid........................................................................................53
2.1. Relaties aangaan: intimiteit, aardig vinden en liefhebben tijdens de vroege
volwassenheid....................................................................................................................53
2.2. Het verloop van relaties.............................................................................................58
2.3. Werk: een beroep kiezen...........................................................................................59
Hoofdstuk 4 – Ontwikkelingspsychologie – Sociale en persoonlijke ontwikkeling
tijdens de middelbare leeftijd..............................................................................................61
4.1. Persoonlijke ontwikkeling.........................................................................................61
4.2. Relaties: familie tijdens de middelbare leeftijd.......................................................62
4.3. Werk en vrije tijd.........................................................................................................63
Hoofdstuk 5 – Personality psychology – personality dispositions over time: stability
and change.............................................................................................................................64
5.1. Conceptual issues: personality development, stability, and change...................64
5.2. Personality stability over time...................................................................................65
5.3. Personality change.....................................................................................................66
Hoofdstuk 11 – Personality psychology – cognitive topics in personality......................67
11.1. Personality revealed through perception..............................................................68
11.2. Personality revealed through interpretation........................................................69
11.3. Personality revealed through goals.......................................................................70
Hoofdstuk 13 – Personality psychology – emotion and personality...............................70
13.1. Basic aspects of emotions.......................................................................................71
13.2. Issues in emotion research.....................................................................................71
13.3. Content versus style of emotional life...................................................................71
Hoofdstuk 14 – Personality psychology – Approaches to the self...................................73
14.1. Descriptive component of the self: self-concept..................................................73
14.2. Evaluative component of the self: self-esteem.....................................................74
14.3. Social component of the self: social identity.........................................................75
Hoofdstuk 6 – Inleiding in de psychologie – denken en intelligentie.............................75
6.1. Wat zijn de bouwstenen van denken?......................................................................75
6.1.2. voorstellingsvermogen en cognitieve plattegronden........................................76
6.1.3. schema’s en scripts.................................................................................................76
6.1.4. denken en de hersenen..........................................................................................76
6.1.5. intuïtie.......................................................................................................................77
6.2. Over welke vaardigheden beschikken goede denkers?........................................77
, 6.3. Hoe kunnen we intelligentie meten?.......................................................................78
6.4. Wat zijn de bouwstenen van intelligentie?..............................................................80
6.5. Hoe verklaren psychologen IQ-verschillen tussen groepen?...............................81
Hoofdstuk 12 – Personality psychology – Intelligence.....................................................82
12.1. Why does intelligence matter?...............................................................................82
12.2. Defining intelligence................................................................................................82
12.3. Implicit theories of intelligence..............................................................................83
12.4. Approaches to and history of intelligence............................................................83
12.5. Intelligence tests......................................................................................................85
1.2.6. Genetics, environment, and race issues in intelligence.....................................86
Artikel CHC-model.................................................................................................................86
De oorsprong van het CHC-model...................................................................................86
Het CHC-model...................................................................................................................87
CHC-model in de praktijk..................................................................................................88
Meest gebruikte intelligentietests...................................................................................89
Hoofdstuk 1 – ontwikkelingspsychologie || – Lichamelijke en cognitieve ontwikkeling
tijden de vroege volwassenheid..........................................................................................90
1.1. Lichamelijke ontwikkeling.........................................................................................90
1.2. Cognitieve ontwikkeling............................................................................................92
1.3. Hoger onderwijs volgen............................................................................................93
Hoofdstuk 3 – ontwikkelingspsychologie || - Lichamelijke en cognitieve ontwikkeling
tijdens de middelbare leeftijd..............................................................................................94
3.1. Lichamelijke ontwikkeling.........................................................................................94
3.2. Gezondheid.................................................................................................................95
3.3. Cognitieve ontwikkeling............................................................................................96
Hoofdstuk 8 – Inleiding in de psychologie – Vormen van bewustzijn.............................96
8.1. De hersenen werken op vele niveaus tegelijk, zowel bewuste als onbewuste...97
8.3. Welke andere vormen kan het bewustzijn aannemen?.........................................99
Hoofdstuk 9 – inleiding in de psychologie – motivatie en emotie................................102
9.1. Wat motiveert ons?..................................................................................................102
9.2. Hoe worden onze motivatiepriotiteiten gesteld?.................................................102
9.3. Waar staan honger en seksuele motivatie in de motivatie hiërarchie?.............105
9.4. Hoe motiveren onze emoties ons?.........................................................................107
9.5. Waar komen onze emoties vandaan?....................................................................109
Aandacht en executief functioneren.................................................................................110
