Rasmussen Nutrition Exam 1 Study Guide Questions and Answers with complete solution

What Nutrients are the Primary source of energy for the body? - Answer-Macronutrients What is the fuel factor for the macronutrients? - Answer-4 carbs, 4 proteins, 9 lipids How is food energy measured? - Answer-Kilocalories, Calories, and Jules When macronutrient end products of digestion are ready for absorption there are three primary end products. What are they? - Answer-Glucose, amino acids, fatty-acids Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are the components of what macronutrients? - Answer-Lipids and Carbs The three major components of the Dietary reference index are - Answer-RDA (recommended Daily Allowance), UL (Upper Intake Level), AMDR (Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range) Which component of the DRI looks at the average daily Nutrient intake level that is sufficient to meet the Nutrient Requirements of nearly all health individual in a life stage and gender group? - Answer-RDA (recommended Daily Allowance), Identify the term form the highest level of nutrient that can be consumed. - Answer-UL (Upper Intake Level) DRI provide reference values for use in planning in evaluating diets for which group of people? - AnswerEveryone who is healthy What is the total dietary kcal intake for each macronutrient during pregnancy? - Answer-15% protein, 30% Lipids, 55% Carbs What is the AMDR for protein? - Answer-10-35%What is the Primary plasma protein? - Answer-albumin What is the primary function of protein in the body? - Answer-build and repair tissue What is an example of a complete protein? - Answer-A protein containing all 20 amino acids What are the building blocks of proteins? - Answer-amino acids When kidney function declines, which macronutrient may be reduced to minimize the excretion of urea? - Answer-Protein What is the RDA minimum for carbs - Answer-130 g per day What is the AMDR for carbs? - Answer-45-65% What is the minimum recommended amount of carbs needed to prevent fatigue, dehydration, and energy loss? - Answer-45-65% of total kilocalorie intake 1 carb serving size is equal to how many grams of carbs? - Answer-15g What is the purpose of salivary amylase? - Answer-Breaks down carbs What is the sugar that all carbs are converted to for transport in the blood? - Answer-Glucose Which nutrient is the body's preferred energy source? - Answer-Carb What is the AMDR for Lipids? - Answer-20-35%Which fats can lower LDL cholesterol and decrease the risk of heart disease? - Answer-dietary fat Lipids are more or less complex than carbs? - Answer-More Complex What fats are found only in the body if consumed and use hydrogenation to make margarine from polyunsaturated oil's? - Answer-Trans Fats What are essential fatty acids? - Answer-linoleic acid and linolenic acid Which three foods typically contain high amounts of monounsaturated fats? - Answer-Olive oil, canola oil, and plants Corn oil, safflower oil, and omega 2 are all examples of which type of fat? - Answer-Polyunsaturated Fats List five functions of lipids in the diet. - Answer-Energy, taste, satiety, absorption of fat soluble vitamins, supply essential fatty acids. Coconut oil contains 88% of which fatty acid? - Answer-saturated fat Which lipoprotein increases the risk of cardiovascular disease? - Answer-Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) Which macronutrient increases drug absorption by delaying absorption? - Answer-Lipids Which type of fat is solid at room temperature? - Answer-Saturated Fats What is the chemical group name for fats and fat related compounds such as cholesterol, lipoproteins, and phospholipids? - Answer-Lipids Live microorganisms that result in a health benefit to the host when administered in adequate amounts are called - Answer-ProbioticsWhat term defines the breaking down of body tissue? - Answer-Necrosis/catabolism What is the term for starch that has similar health benefits as dietary fiber? - Answer-Resistant Starch