Dimensions of nursing practice Exam 2 (Rasmussen) Questions And Answers Rated A+ New Update Assured Satisfaction

Theory - Answer-Describing and explaining a particular nursing action to make a hypothesis. Model - Answer-Hypothetical representation of something that exists in reality. The purpose of a model is to explain a complex reality in a systemic and organized manner, more concrete than theory Why are theories important in nursing - Answer-Theories are used to explain apparent relationships between observed behaviors and their effects on the client's health; The goal is to describe and explain a particular nursing action to make a hypothesis, which predicts the effect on the client's outcome, such as improved health or recovery from an illness. For example, action of turning an unresponsive client from side to side every 2 hours should help to prevent skin breakdown and improve respiratory function 4 key concepts that nursing theories define - Answer-Client, Health, Environment, and Nursing. The concepts of nursing explain the function and role of nurses in their relationships with clients that affects the client's health Open System - Answer-Free movement of information, matter, and energy into and out of the system exists. No restrictions on what moves in and out of the system making its boundaries difficult to identify. Closed System - Answer-Prevents any movement into and out of the system. The system would be totally static and unchanging. Most systems are the combination of both rather than one or the other. Orem Self-Care Model - Answer-Made by Dorothea E. Orem, belief that health care is each individuals own responsibility. Help direct and carry out activities that maintain or improve their health. Center is client, health is defined by person's ability to live fully within particular physical, biological and social environment. Goal is to reach highest level or human functioning. King Model - Answer-Widely accepted practice, developed by Imogene King. You must function in personal, interactional, and social. Environment is the important concept because personal and interpersonal systems are central to kings. Go hand-in-hand with the patient for every step of the way.Watson Model - Answer-Philosophical approach by Jean Watson addresses how nurses express care to their patients. Caring is central to nursing practice, and promotes health better than a simple medical cure. She believes that a holistic approach to health care is central to the practice of caring in nursing. Neuman Health-Care Systems Model - Answer-Focuses on the individual and his or her environment and is applicable to a variety of health-care disciplines apart from nursing, also includes elements from stress. Middle Range Theory - Answer-Set of relatively concrete concepts or propositions that lie between a minor working hypothesis found in everyday nursing research and a well-developed major nursing theory. Less comprehensive and more focused. Values - Answer-Ideals or concepts that give meaning to an individual's life Morals - Answer-Fundamental standards of right and wrong that an individual learns and internalizes Laws - Answer-Rules of social conduct made by humans to protect society, and these laws are based on concerns about fairness and justice Ethics - Answer-Declarations of what is right or wrong and of what ought to be Ethic Code - Answer-Written list of a profession's values and standards of conduct. The code of ethics provides a framework for decision-making for the profession and should be oriented toward the daily decisions made by members of the profession Ethical Dilemma - Answer-Situation that requires an individual to make a choice between two equally unfavorable alternatives Autonomy - Answer-The right of self-determination, independence, and freedom. It refers to the client's right to make health-care decisions for himself or herself, even if the health-care provider does not agree with those decisions Justice - Answer-Obligation to be fair to all peopleFidelity - Answer-Obligation of an individual to be faithful to commitments made to himself or herself and to others Benefiance - Answer-Ethical principle based on the beliefs that the health-care provider should do no harm, prevent harm, remove existing harm, and promote the good and well-being of the client Nonmanifiance - Answer-Requirement that health-care providers do no harm to their clients, either intentionally or unintentionally Veracity - Answer-The principle of truthfulness. It requires the health-care provider to tell the truth and not to intentionally deceive or mislead clients Standard of Best Interest - Answer-A type of decision made about a client's health care when the client is unable to make the informed decision themselves. The standard of best interest is used on the basis of what health-care providers and the family decides is best for that individual Durable Power of Attorney - Answer-Designates another person to make health-care decisions for the client if they become incompetent or unable to make such decisions. Ethical Decision Making Process - Answer-1. Collect, Analyze, and Interpret the Data 2. State the Dilemma 3. Consider the Choices of Action 4. Analyze the Advantages and Disadvantages of Each Course of Action. 5. Make the Decision and Act on It Nursing Code of Ethics - Answer-Written by Florence Nightingale. Her writings emphasize the need to follow the physician's orders and that nurses remain pure and inviolate as they carry out their duties in tending for the sick Euthanasia - Answer-Painless killing of a patient that is suffering from fatal disease (good or peaceful death)Abandonment - Answer-Unilateral severance of the professional relationship with the client without adequate notice and while the requirement for care still exists