NEET Biology 11 Ch8 Questions with complete Solutions!!

cell is the - Answer-structural and functional unit of life Unicellular organisms are capable of - Answer-1. Independent existence 2. Performing the essential functions of life Who came up with the cell theory - Answer-Schleiden and Schwann What is the cell theory - Answer-1. All living things are made up of cells 2. new cells are produced from existing cells nucleus contains ___, which contains ___ - Answer-chromosomes, genetic material Who discovered dead cells - Answer-Robert Hooke Who discovered living cells - Answer-Anton van Leeuwenhoek Who coined Omnis cellula-e-cellula - Answer-Robert Virchow in 1855 Who discovered the nucleus of a cell - Answer-Robert Brown in 1831 Types of cells based on presence of well defined nucleus - Answer-prokaryotic and eukaryotic Differences between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic - Answer-Prokaryotic: No nucleus, Unicellular, No Membrane-bound organelles Eukaryotic: Nucleus, Multicellular, Membrane-bound organelles What is the smallest cell - Answer-Mycoplasma 0.3micrometersLargest cell - Answer-ostrich egg Longest cell - Answer-nerve cell Types of bacteria based on shape - Answer-bacillus(rod) coccus(round) vibrio(comma) spirillum(spiral) Cell envelope consists of - Answer-glycocalyx, cell wall, cell membrane Glycocalyx can be either a ___ ____ ___ or a ___ ___ - Answer-loose slime layer or tight capsule What are the surface structures present on prokaryotes - Answer-1. Flagellum 2. Pilli 3. Fimbriae Parts of a prokaryotic flagella - Answer-filament, hook, basal body What is the cell wall of a bacteria made of - Answer-peptidoglycan What are pilli - Answer-elongated tubular structures made up of special protein what are fimbriae - Answer-small, bristle like fibres what does cell wall do - Answer-helps in protection, cell to cell communication and acts a barrier what is plant cell wall made of - Answer-cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and proteinsWhat is the primary cell wall - Answer-The wall of a younger plant, consists of cellulose, pectin and gluelike polysaccharides. More pliable and thin and it allows the cell to grow. what is the middle lamella made of - Answer-calcium pectate the plasma membrane is ___ permeable - Answer-selectively permeable What is the plasma membrane made up of - Answer-phospholipid bilayer and proteins What is the fluid mosaic model - Answer-The quasi-fluid nature of the lipids allows lateral movement of both proteins and lipids and flipping movement of the lipids in the bilayer. Ability to move within the membrane is called fluidity What are thy types of methods to transort molecules across the cell membrane - Answer-1. passive transport 2. active transport 3. mesosome(only in bacteria)