Bio 203 Final Exam Review Study Questions and Answers Graded A

2025 Nerves are __________ of the nervous system. A. organs B. tissues C. organ systems D. organelles E. cells - a. organs The term "nerve fiber" refers to a(n) __________. A. nerve cell B. organelle in nerve cells C. organ D. axon E. bundle of macromolecules in nerve cells - d. axon What is the primary site on a neuron for receiving signals from other neurons? a. the axon terminals b. the axons c. the axon collaterals d. the neurosomas e. the dendrites - e. the dendrites In order to regenerate, a peripheral nerve fiber must have which of the following? a. all dendrites intact b. at least half of the length of the fiber intact c. at least the entire axon and neurilemma intact d. the neurosoma and at least some of neurilemma intact e. at least part of the neurosoma intact - d. the neurosoma and at least some of the neurilemma intact Which of the following will cause the plasma membrane to hyperpolarize when at its RMP? a. an inflow of sodium b. an inflow of potassium c. an inflow of calcium d. an inflow of chloride e. an outflow of chloride - d. an inflow of chloride A neuron receives a stimulus. Which of the following events happens next? a. a local potential develops b. threshold is reached c. hyperpolarization of the membrane d. repolarization of the membrane e. a resting membrane potential is established - a. a local potential develops When the voltage of a plasma membrane shifts from +35 mV toward 0 mV, the cell is __________. a. depolarization b. repolarization c. hyperpolarization d. reaching the threshold e. exiting the threshold - b. repolarization All of the following are typical characteristics of neurotransmitters except __________. a. they are synthesized by a presynaptic neuron b. they are released in response to stimulation c. they are released into the bloodstream before reaching the postsynaptic cell d. they bind to specific receptors on the postsynaptic cell e. they alter the physiology of the postsynaptic cell - c. they are released into the bloodstream before reaching the postsynaptic cell Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) are associated with which of the following? a. depolarization of the cell membrane b. repolarization of the cell membrane c. hyperpolarization of the cell membrane d. no change in the cell membrane potential e. no change of the threshold - c. hyperpolarization of the cell membrane Which of these is an example of an EPSP in a typical neuron? a. a voltage change from 0 mV to +0.35 mV b. a voltage change from -70 mV to -69.5 mV c. a voltage change from -69.5 mV to -70 mV d. a voltage change from +35 mV to 0 mV e. a voltage change from -70 mV to -70.5 mV - b. a voltage change from -70 mV to -69.5 mV What is the opposite of presynaptic inhibition? a. coding b. integration c. recruitment d. summation e. facilitation - e. facilitation If a neuron is prevented from sending a neurotransmitter across a synapse to another cell, which neuron property is being inhibited? a. secretion b. excitability c. conductivity d. permeability e. viability - a. secretion In PNS nerve fiber regeneration, how is a growing axon directed to its original destination? a. it grows within the regeneration tube b. The axonal terminals grow toward the neurosoma until the two severed fragments are reunited. c. The axon grows a collateral that is directed by growth factors secreted by the postsynaptic neuron. d. Injured Schwann cells produce a trail of prostaglandins to the original destination. e. neurons cannot regenerate - a. it grows within the regeneration tube What type of glial cell is shown here? a. schwann cell b. oligodendrocyte c. astrocyte d. satellite cell e. ependymal cell - a. schwann cell What type of cell is labeled 1 in this figure? a. astrocyte b. microglia c. neuron d. oligodendrocyte e. schwann cell - a. astrocyte