NAS 2 2023 Exam Questions with Correct Answers

NAS 2 2023 Exam Questions with Correct Answers Scientific Method - Answer-an organized way to study the natural world and find out how it works What are the steps of the scientific method? - Answer-1. Make an Observation 2. Ask a question 3. Form a hypothesis 4. Make a prediction 5. Do an experiment 6. Report results Independent variable - Answer-the variable that is changed or controlled in a scientific experiment to the test it effects on the dependent variable Dependent variable - Answer-the variable being tested and measured in a scientific experiment Experimental group - Answer-The group in an experiment that receives the variable being tested Control group - Answer-the group that doesn't receive the treatment, contains every feature of the experimental group except it is not given the manipulation that the researcher hypothesizes. Hypothesis - Answer-an attempt to explain a phenomena. it's a proposal, or guess to understand/predict something Theory - Answer-the result of testing a hypothesis and developing an explanation that is assumed to be true about something Anatomy - Answer-the study of structure and relationship between body parts Physiology - Answer-the study of the function of body parts and the body as a whole What are the 6 levels of organization? - Answer-1. chemical 2. cellular 3. tissue 4. organ 5. organ system 6. organism Identify the requirements for life - Answer-1. Reproduction 2. Response/reaction to environment 3. Metabolism 4. Growth. What are the survival needs - Answer-1. nutrients 2. oxygen 3. water 4. normal body temp. 5. atmospheric pressure homeostasis? - Answer-the tendency of an organism or cell to regulate its internal conditions, usually by a system of feedback controls, so as to stabilize health and function What are the basic mechanisms of homeostasis? - Answer-- Homeostatic control mechanisms have at least three interdependent components: receptor, control center, and effector. - The receptor senses environmental stimuli, sending the information to the control center. - The control center, generally the brain, signals an effector (e.g. muscles) to respond to the stimuli. - Positive feedback enhances or accelerates output created by an activated stimulus. - Negative feedback brings a system back to its level of normal functioning such as adjusting blood pressure, metabolism, and body temperature. Anatomical position - Answer-the description of any region/part of the body in a specific stance. the body is upright, directly facing the observer, feet flat and directed forward. limbs are at the body's sides with palms facing forward nasal - Answer-nose area orbital - Answer-eye area oral - Answer-mouth area buccal - Answer-cheek area cervical - Answer-throat area acromial - Answer-point of shoulder sternal - Answer-breastbone area axillary - Answer-armpit area thoracic - Answer-chest area brachial - Answer-arm area antecubital - Answer-in the fold of the inside of the arm abdominal - Answer-stomach area umbilical - Answer-belly button, navel carpal - Answer-wrist area digital - Answer-finger area pubic - Answer-genital region patellar - Answer-anterior knee crural - Answer-inferior to the knee on the front of the leg tarsal - Answer-along the front of the foot around the ankle cephallic - Answer-head area occipital - Answer-posterior side of the head metabolism - Answer-All of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism, biochemical process of combining nutrients to release the energy bodies need to function deltoid - Answer-back/curve of the shoulder scapular - Answer-upper back vertebral - Answer-spine area coxal - Answer-hip area femoral - Answer-thigh area fibular - Answer-lateral part of the leg sacral - Answer-posterior landmark area between hips sural - Answer-posterior surface of lower leg plantar - Answer-side of foot area Popiteal - Answer-back of knee, posterior knee area olecranal - Answer-posterior surface of elbow, back of elbow gluteal - Answer-butt area calcaneal - Answer-heel of the foot midsagittal plane - Answer-cut down the median plane of the body (or organ) and the right and left parts are equal in size fontal plane - Answer-cut made alone a lengthwise plane that divides the body (or organ) into anterior and posterior parts coronal section - Answer-another term for frontal plane