CPO Chapter 3 Interactions of living things latest update with 100% correct answers

Pollutants A variable that cause Harm to living things in an ecosystem. Its harmfulness is determined by how it interferes with living organisms ability to survive; its concentration in units per air, water or soil; and how long it stays in the environment. Sunlight Zone From 0 to 200 feet in depth in the ocean; most of the open ocean life lives in this zone where phytoplankton can photosynthesize. Dark Zone /Midnight zone 1000 m to 10,000 m deep, no light, crushing pressure and extremely cold. Ocean life in this depth of water sometimes are bioluminescent. Three variables in freshwater habitats pH ; nitrates and phosphates; dissolved oxygen 97.24% of Earth's total water Water source : Oceans Less than .01% of Earth's water Water Source : Rivers, Streams, lakes and ponds Temperature,precipitation,sunlight, type of soil and oxygen The 5 most important variables that affect life on land. community All the different populations that live together in an area competition the struggle between organisms to survive in a habitat with limited resources Symbiosis A close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species. Commensalism A relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected Parasitism A relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is harmed Population A group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area growth rate Rate of increase or decrease of a population limiting factor An environmental factor that prevents a population from increasing food chain series of steps in an ecosystem in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten Producer An organism that can make its own food. Consumer An organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms Decomposer organism that breaks down and obtains energy from dead organic matter food web A community of organisms where there are several interrelated food chains food pyramid a model that shows the loss of energy from one trophic level to another; often called an ecological pyramid predator-prey relationship Interaction between two organisms of different species in which one organism, called the predator, captures and feeds on parts or all of another organism, called the prey. herbivores Consumers that eat only plants carnivores (secondary consumers) animals that eat other animals concentration of toxins in food chain Toxins are concentrated at each link of the food chain. Plants that take up toxins are eaten in large numbers by herbivores. Toxins then get passed onto carnivores in food chain. Mercury A toxin that can be concentrated in marine food chains that can reduce a population's reproduction rate. habitat the natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism. decreases The amount of energy at the top of a food pyramid compared to the amount of energy at a lower level.