Human Resource Management Exam 1 with Complete Solutions

Human Resource Management Exam 1 with Complete Solutions Equal employment opportunity - the condition in which all individuals have an equal chance for employment, regardless of their race, color, religion, sex, age, disability, or national origin. The Civil Rights Act of 1866 - granted all persons the same property rights as white citizens. • The Civil Rights Act of 1871 granted all citizens the right to sue in federal court if they feel they have been deprived of some civil right. Equal Pay Act (1963) • Men and women in an organization doing the same work must be paid equally. • Equal is defined in terms of skill, effort, responsibility, and working conditions Title VII Civil Rights Act (1964) • Prohibits employers from discriminating based on: ▫ Race ▫ Color ▫ Religion ▫ Sex ▫ National origin • Applies to organizations that employ 15 or more persons. Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) • Prohibits discrimination against workers who are over the age of 40. • Age discrimination complaints make up a large percentage of the complaints filed with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). Vocational Rehabilitation Act (1973) Covered organizations must engage in affirmative action for individuals with disabilities. • Employers are encouraged to recruit qualified individuals with disabilities and to make reasonable accommodations to them Vietnam Era Veteran's Readjustment Act (1974) Requires federal contractors and subcontractors to take affirmative action toward employing veterans of the Vietnam War. • It covers veterans who served between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Pregnancy Discrimination Act (1978) Defines discrimination on the basis of pregnancy, childbirth, or related form of medical condition to be a form of illegal sex discrimination. Benefits, including health insurance, should cover pregnancy and related medical conditions in the same way as other medical conditions. Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990 - Protects individuals with disabilities from being discriminated against in the workplace. Prohibits discrimination based on disability in all employment practices. Employers must take steps to accommodate individuals covered by the act. Civil Rights Act (1991) • Adds compensatory and punitive damages in cases of discrimination under Title VII and the ADA. • The amount of punitive damages is limited by the act and depends on the size of the organization charged with discrimination. Uniformed Services Employment & Reemployment Rights Act Employers must reemploy workers who left jobs to fulfill military duties for up to five years. Should be in the job they would have held if they had not left to serve in the military. • Disparate Treatment Differing treatment of individuals based on the individuals' race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, or disability status • Disparate Impact A condition in which employment practices are seemingly neutral yet disproportionately exclude a protected group from employment opportunities. • Sexual Harassment refers to unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical contact of a sexual nature when: • Affirmative Action and Reverse Discrimination - Organizations can prevent sexual harassment by: ▫ Developing a policy that defines and forbids it ▫ Training employees to recognize and avoid this behavior ▫ Providing a means for employees to complain and be protected. Job analysis Process of getting detailed information about jobs. Knowledge is needed for: Staffing Training Performance appraisal Other HR activities Job. • Job Description A list of the tasks, duties, and responsibilities