Sociology 1301 Exam 1 Questions With Complete Solutions Rated A+

sociology - scientific study of society (Different cultures, groups, social institutions, religion, family structure) reason to study sociology - you interact with people who are different from you Sociological imagination creator/founder/father - C. Wright Mills Sociological imagination - you can never fully understand an individual unless you also understand the society and historical time period in which he/she lives, personal troubles (unemployment and divorce) and social issues (broad changes, industrialization) Sociology and common sense - Based on social interactions/experiences Sociology is NOT common sense 2 driving forces of being a discipline (19th Europe) - Enlightenment - movement away from traditional explanations of the world toward more rational scientific explanations Industrial revolution - product of scientific advancement; economic change, expand education (universal), different cultures combined, disease, overcrowding, crime (more opportunities), fires Auguste Comte - Considered the father/founder of sociology because he named the discipline and was the first person to scientifically analyze society Positivist Altruism Positivist - believes that science is the best way to study any phenomenon Altruism - an unselfish concern for the welfare of others"In all societies you have both social statics and social dynamics" - Comte - Social statics - forces of order and stability (functionalist perspective) Social dynamics - forces of change (conflict perspective) Herbert Spencer (British Functionalist) - Social Darwinism - idea that societies, just like organisms, if left alone ("hands off"), would naturally evolve according to the principle of Survival of the Fittest (Spencer, not Darwin) Karl Marx - Father/founder of the conflict perspective Human social relations are bound by historical time periods Centrality of the economy (most important institution) Emile Durkheim - Father/founder of the Functionalist perspective Suicide rates between different groups Membership in groups more/less prone, then look at groups France, England and Denmark - large scale Social integration Social integration - the social bonds or ties we have with other member of society 4 types of suicide - Egoistic suicide Altruistic suicide Anomic suicide Fatalistic suicide Egoistic suicide - committed by people who have few or no social bonds/ties (Homeless, old/lonely) Altruistic suicide - committed by people who are "overly" bonded to a social group or cause; they commit suicide to further the goals of that group/cause(Suicide bomber, Buddhist monks on fire, kamikaze pilots) Anomic suicide - committed in response to a societal condition of anomie (Stock market crash of '29, revolutionary change in government) Anomie - there is a major disruption in society such that the norms (social rules or expectations of behavior) are no longer clear cut, condition of society Max Weber (German Functionalist/ Conflict/ Interactionist Perspective) - 70-75 hours a week - did everything to "see how much he can take" No PhD in sociology Verstehen Bureaucracy With their emphasis on rules and structure, he believed they were trapping humans in an IRON CAGE robbing them of their individuality and creativity