Health Assisting Careers NOCTI Review I Exam Study Guide Graded A 2024

What is the Patient's Bill of Rights? - specifically referring to the document written and approved by the American Hospital Association, but meaning a document that states written policies concerning the factors of care that patients can expect to receive. What is a DNR? - A Do Not Resuscitate order is a document that often results from a living will that says CPR will not be given in the event the patient stops breathing. Many patients feel quality of life is important and diminished on life support systems and would rather be allowed to die with peace and dignity. Many terminal patients get DNRs. What should you check prior to leaving the patient's room? - Make sure the pt is in a comfortable position, the side-rails are elevated, the bed is in the lowest position to the floor, and that the wheels are locked. Also make sure the call bell is within easy reach, along with the telly remote, telephone, and water and tissues. What is a decubitus ulcer? - Also known as a bedsore or a pressure ulcer; caused by prolonged pressure on a part of the body that impedes circulation. These are found on bedridden pts on the bonier surfaces, such as heels and hips. Explain the 4 stages of pressure ulcer development. - Stage 1 has a red or blue-grey discoloration on intact skin. Stage 2 abrasions, bruises, &/or open sores form on the top layers of skin. Stage 3 includes the formation of a deep crater after all layers of skin have been destroyed. Stage 4 includes extension of the damage into muscle, tendon, and bone tissue. What is contracture? - a tightening or shortening of a muscle usually due to lack of movement or usage of the muscle. Foot drop is a common type of contracture that can be prevented by using foot supports and high-top tennis shoes. How often should a pt be turned if they are confined to bed? - q2h what is dangling? - sitting with the legs hanging down over the side of the bed; used to acclimate pts to the sitting position after being confined to bed for a period of time. pulse should be taken at least 3 times- before, during and after- to evaluate how well the pt adjusted to the change. Changes in respiratory rate, perspiration, color, and other such characteristics should be noted. What is a broad base of support? - feet are 8-10 inches apart with one foot slightly in front of the other, balancing on both feet with both feet pointed in the direction of motion. When using proper body mechanics, how do you pick something up? - bend at the knees and hips to get close to the object, keeping your back straight.