BIOL 1201 TEST 1: LICATA; CH. 1-5 ALREADY GRADED A

BIOL 1201 TEST 1: LICATA; CH. 1-5 ALREADY GRADED A Evolution the process of change that has transformed life on Earth from its earliest beginnings to the diversity of organisms living today. Evolution Fundamental organizing principle of biology and the core theme of this book Biology Scientific study of life Organization, Energy Use, Development, Reproduction, Evolve, Respond to the Environment Characteristics of a living system Emergent Properties result from the arrangement and interaction of parts within a system; can characterize nonbiological entities as well. For example, a functioning bicycle emerges only when all of the necessary parts connect in the correct way Cells; for example, a skin cell What is the lowest level of biological organization that can perform all the activities required for life? Reductionism the reduction of complex systems to simpler components that are more manageable to study; for example: studying the molecular structure of DNA to help understand inheritance Systems biology constructs models for behavior of whole biological systems--and interactions across/between levels of biological organization Systems Biology an approach that attempts to model the dynamic behavior of whole biological systems based on a study of interactions among the system's parts. Non-living factors and other organisms Every organism interacts with its environment, including _____ and _____ Energy A fundamental characteristic of living organism's is their use of ____ to carry out life's activities. Energy Living organisms transform ___ from one form to another Structure and Function ___ and ___ are correlated at all levels of biological organization. Cells "The Cell Theory" the lowest level of organization that can perform all activities required for life ALL CELLS enclosed by a membrane, use DNA as their genetic information Eukaryotic Cells Greatly larger than prokaryotic cells (prokaryotic cells are just DNA enclosed by a cell membrane--non nucleus) DNA the substance of genes Genes the units of inheritance that transmit information from parents to offspring the ability of cells to divide and duplicate their DNA the basis of all reproduction, growth, and repair of multicellular organisms Gene expression the process of converting information from gene to cellular product Negative Feedback means that the product of a process inhibits the process; accumulation of an end product of a process slows that process; The most common form of regulation in a living system positive feedback in which an end product speeds up its on process Evolution explains patterns of unity and diversity in living organisms; similar traits among organisms are explained by descent from common ancestors; the overarching theme of biology accumulation of heritable changes Differences