Pathophysiology Chapter 4 with 100% correct answers 2024

Pathophysiology Chapter 4Adaptation - correct answer a reversible, structural, or functional response both to normal or physiological conditions and to adverse or pathologic conditions atrophy - correct answer a decrease or shrinkage in cellular size physiologic - occurs with normal development. eg thymus gland pathologic - occurs as a result of decreases in workload, pressure, use, blood supply, nutrition, hormonal stimulation, and nervous system stimulation hypertrophy - correct answer compensatory increase in the size of cells in response to mechanical stimuli and consequently increases the size of the affected organ hyperplasia - correct answer an increase in the number of cells, resulting from an increased rate of cellular division dysplasia - correct answer refers to abnormal changes in the size, shape, and organization of mature cells metaplasia - correct answer the reversible replacement of one mature cell type by another, sometimes less differentiated, cell type hypoxic injury - correct answer -single most common cause of cellular injury -results from: reduced amount of oxygen in the air, loss of hemolobin or decreased efficacy of hemoglobin, decreased production of red blood cells, diseases of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, poisoning of the oxidative enzymes within the cells ischemia - correct answer -most common cause of hypoxia -reduced blood flow -often caused by gradual narrowing of arteries or complete blockage by blood clots