Nurs 5315: Adv Patho Exam 1 questions with complete solutions

Atrophy Correct Answer-E. Cells decrease in size P. Still functional; imbalance between protein synthesis and degradation. Essentially there is an increase in the catabolism of intracellular organelles, reducing structural components of cell Physiologic: thymus gland in early childhood Pathological: disuse (muscle atrophy d/ decrease workload, pressure, use, blood supply, nutrition, hormonal stimulation, or nervous stimulation) Hyperplasia Correct Answer-E: cells increase in number, mitosis (cell division) must occur, size of cell does not change Phys: increased rate of division, increase in tissue mass after damage or partial resection; may be compensatory, hormonal, or pathologic Patho: abnormal proliferation of normal cells usually caused by increased hormonal stimulation (endometrial). increase of production of local growth factors Ex: removal of part of the liver lead to hyperplasia of hepatocytes. uterine or mammary gland enlargement during pregnancy Dysplasia Correct Answer-E. Not true adaptation; Cells abnormal change in size, shape, organization (classified as mild, moderate, severe) P. caused by cell injury/irritation, characterized by disordered cell growth. aka atypical hyperplasia or pre-cancer, a disorderly proliferation Physiologic: N/A Pathologic: squamous dysplasia of ce