Biol 1201 Exam 1 (gregg) With Correct Answers 100% Verified

Biol 1201 Exam 1 (gregg) With Correct Answers 100% Verified plasma membrane - The membrane at the boundary of every cell that acts as a selective barrier, thereby regulating the cell's chemical composition. Ribosomes - complexes that make proteins; free in cytosol or bound to rough ER or nuclear envelope Golgi apparatus - active in synthesis, modification, sorting, and secretion of cell products Lysosome - digestive organelle where macromolecules are hydrolyzed, and autophagy Mitachondrion - organelle where cellular respiration occurs and most ATP is generated Cytoskeleton - reinforces cell's shape; functions in cell movement; components are made of protein. Includes: Microfilaments, Intermediate filaments, Microtubules. Endoplasmic Reticulum - network of membranous sacs and tubes; active in membrane synthesis and other synthetic and metabolic processes; has rough (ribosome -studded) and smooth regions Rough ER - protein synthesis Smooth ER - lipid synthesis calcium ion storage poison detoxification Nucleolus - nonmembranous structure involved in production of ribosomes; a nucleus has one or more nucleoli Chromatin - material consisting of DNA and proteins; visible in a dividing cell as individual condensed chromosomes cell wall - outer layer that maintains cell's shape and protects cell from mechanical damage; made of cellulose, other polysaccharides, and protein Chloroplast - photosynthetic organelle; converts energy of sunlight to chemical energy stored in sugar molecules central vacuole - prominent organelle in older plant cells; storage, breakdown of waste products, hydrolysis of macromolecules; enlargement of vacuole major mechanism of plant growth. Part complete The innermost electron shell of an atom can hold up to _____ electrons. - 2 Which of these relationships is true of an uncharged atom? - The number of protons is equal to the number of electrons What determines the types of chemical reactions that an atom participates in? - the number of electrons in the outermost electron shell What type of bond is joining the two hydrogen atoms? - covalent A(n) _____ refers to two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. - molecule This atom can form up to _____ single covalent bond(s) - 4 A(n) _____ bond joins these two oxygen atoms. - double covalent Part complete What is the atomic number of an atom that has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons? - 6 Part complete Which of these refers to atoms with the same atomic number but different atomic masses? - these atoms are isotopes Fluorine's atomic number is 9 and its atomic mass is 19. How many neutrons does fluorine have? - 10 An uncharged atom of boron has an atomic number of 5 and an atomic mass of 11. How many protons does boron have? - 5 A water molecule can bond to up to _____ other water molecules by ____ bonds. - 4 .... hydrogen Part complete The unequal sharing of electrons within a water molecule makes the water molecule _____. - polar The tendency of an atom to pull electrons toward itself is referred to as its _____. - electronegativity In this molecule, what type of bond is found between the oxygen and hydrogens? - polar covalent Which of these bonds is weakest? - hydrogen bond