EXPANDED FUNCTIONS FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION

EXPANDED FUNCTIONS FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION The professional code of ethics is... Ans- voluntary sedative Ans- The type of base placed to soothe pulp that has been irritated by decay, injury, or trauma from a cavity preparation is Impressions Ans- negative reproduction of the teeth What does the term oral evacuation describe? Ans- The process of removing excess fluids and debris from the mouth Acrylate Ans- A salt or eater of acrylic acid What are the two types of statutory law? Ans- criminal and civil celluloid strip Ans- ________ _________: Clear Plastic Strip used to provide a temporary interproximal wall for the restoration of an anterior tooth surface. Autonomy Ans- Self-determination. Includes the right to privacy, freedom of choice, and the acceptance of responsibility for ones own actions cupping Ans- _________: Form created by a concave tooth surface that has not been contoured properly. a conditioner/etchant Ans- To prepare a tooth surface for adhesion of material to tooth structure, the dentist may select ____________ for the tooth preparation. Classifications of Impressions Ans- Preliminary- are taken by the dentist or by the EFDA and are used to create a reproduction of the teeth and surrounding tissues. Final- Most likely taken by the dentist and are used to produce the most accurate reproductive of the teeth ans surrounding tissues. Bite Registration (occlusal)- taken by the dentist or EFDA to produce a reproduction of the occlusal relationship between the maxillary ans mandibular teeth. What are the two oral evacuation systems? Ans- Saliva Ejector HVE - High Volume Evacuator Dental Sealant Ans- Coating that covers the occlusal pits and fissures of teeth What is the difference between an act of omission and an act of commission? Ans- An act of omission is not doing something that should have been done, and an act of commission is doing something that should not have been done. Filled Resin Ans- Sealant material that contains filler particles What is the difference between an expressed contract and an implied contract? Ans- Expressed contracts are established through the written word or verbal agreement, and implied contracts are established by actions, not words. Saliva Ejector Ans- Small, straw shaped Used during LESS INVASIVE procedures CANNOT remove debris Impression Trays Ans- Used to hold the material within the mouth. These trays must be rigid to carry the impression material into the oral cavity, hold material close to teeth, and avoid breaking during removal. Spatula, explorer Ans- What is used to mix the calcium hydroxide cavity liner? mylar Ans- ________: Brand name for clear plastic strip used to provide a temporary wall for restoration of an anterior tooth. Justice Ans- Fair treatment for all. giving people what they deserve and are entitled to receive. During what type of procedures is the saliva ejector used? Ans- Preventive Procedures: prophylaxis, placement of sealants, and fluoride treatments Control of saliva and moisture under dental dam Cementation of crown and bridge prostheses Orthodontic bonding procedures Light-cured Ans- Type of material that is polymerized by a curing light What is the purpose of licensure? Ans- Meant to protect the public from incompetent practitioners. Stock trays Ans- Quadrant Trays- cover half the arch Section trays- used to cover anterior portion of the arch Full-arch Trays- cover entire arch Physical(thermal,electricity), mechanical (handpiece,traumatic occlussion) ,chemical(acid from dental materials) , biological (bacteria from saliva) Ans- 4 types of pulpal stimuli include overhang Ans- _________: Excess restorative material that extends beyond the cavity margin. Nonmaleficence term Ans- to "do no harm" to the patient. physically or mentally. Veracity Ans- truthfulness; not lying to the patient palodent Ans- __________:Small, oval shaped matrix made of stainless steel used interproximally during a tooth restoration. over Ans- Cavity varnish is placed _____ the liner or insulating base. Sizing of Tray Ans- Comfortable for the patient Extends slightly beyond the facial surfaces of the teeth Extends approximately 2-3 mm beyond the third molar Deep to allow 2-3 mm of material between the tray and occlusion Saliva Ejector Placement Ans- 1) Can be held throughout procedure, use of repeated sweeps 2) Can be used by positioning the suction tip in mouth Light-cured Sealants Ans- Do not require mixing after the material has been applied to the tooth What authority does a state board of dentistry have? Ans- The authority not only to issue licenses, but also to revoke, suspend, or deny renewal of a license. Microabrasion (air abrasion) Ans- Technique used to open fissures before sealant placement and remove any slight decay What is meant by reciprocity and licensure by credential? Ans- Reciprocity is an agreement between two or more states that allows a dentist or dental hygienist who is licensed in one state to receive, usually without further examination or requirements, a license to practice in any of the other states in the reciprocity agreement. Reciprocity agreements are usually made between states with adjoining borders and similar testing requirements. Licensure by credential is when an individual who is currently licensed in one state is allowed to become licensed in another state depending on whether certain requirements are met. When saliva ejector is in stationary position, how can you protect the gums from coming traumatized? Ans- Placing a cotton roll as a buffer Custom Trays Ans- constructed to fit the mouth of a specific patient Calcium Hydroxide Ans- What can be used under all types of restorative materials? matrix Ans- A _______ system creates a temporary interproximal wall for the amalgam, composite resin, or intermediate restorative material to be placed against. Beneficence Ans- Of benefit to the patient or community. High Volume Evacuator Ans- Removes saliva, blood, water, and DEBRIS MORE INVASIVE procedures Mircoleakage Ans- Microscopic leakage at the interface of the tooth structure and the sealant or restoration What does respondeat superior mean? Ans- The employer is responsible for the actions of the employee. Tray Adhesives Ans- All impressions besides alginate need tray adhesives . must be used according to the manufacturer's instructions Ans- Before dentin bonding, the smear layer must be matrices Ans- The plural form of matrix is _________. Code of ethics Ans- Voluntary standards of behavior established by a profession Laws Ans- Minimum standards of behavior established by statutes for a population or profession universal Ans- The matrix system most commonly used today for the class II restoration is the ________ retainer and matrix band. maleic acid Ans- What substance can be used as an acid etchant? Hydrocolloid Materials Ans- Hydrocolloid is a material used to obtain preliminary and final impressions. Depending on the type of hydrocolloid, the physical change from sol (solution) to gel (solid) can be irreversible or reversible. HVE is also known as Ans- Oral Evacuator Polymerization Ans- Process of changing a simple chemical into another substance that contains the same elements- hardens the sealant material, can be either light activated or happen with time What is the difference between direct supervision and general supervision? Ans- Direct supervision is when a dentist is physically present when the dental auxiliary is performing an expanded function. Under general supervision, the dentist does not have to be physically present. What are the three main purposes of the HVE? Ans- 1) To keep the mouth free of saliva, blood, water, and debris 2) To retract tongue and cheek away from the field of operation 3) To reduce the bacterial aerosol caused by the high-speed handpieces What is meant by abandonment? Ans- When a dentist discontinues treatment of the patient without proper notice. Sealant Retention Ans- Sealant firmly adhering to the tooth surface false Ans- In all states it is legal for the expanded-functions dental assistant to apply etchant and place bonding material. Irreversible Hydrocolloid Ans- An alginate impression material that is mixed to a sol state and as it sets converts to a gel by a chemical reaction that irreversibly changes its nature. tofflemire Ans- The universal retainer is also referred to as the _________ retainer and is a mechanical device that holds the matric band snugly in position. Ethics are.... Ans- open to individual interpretation What are the two types of suction tips for the HVE? Ans- Operative Suction Tip Surgical Suction Tip Self-cured Ans- Type of material that is polymerized by chemical reactions, supplied as a two-part system of a base and catalyst (autopolymerization) Can a dentist refuse to treat a patient only because he or she has HIV infection? Ans- A dentist cannot refuse to treat a patient with HIV; although, under specific conditions, the dentist may refer the patient to another dentist. Physical Phases Ans- Sol (solution) Gel (solid) smear layer Ans- the______is very thin film of debris on a newly prepared dentin. buccal Ans- The tofflemire retainer is positioned from the _______ surface of the tooth that is being restored. what does the ethical principle of nonmaleficence mean? Ans- To do no harm (nonmaleficence) What refers to "what you should do, not what you must do" Ans- Ethics stainless steel Ans- The matrix band is made of ______ ______. thermal Ans- caused by heat Strength Ans- leaving the impression in the mouth for the full length of time recommended by the manufacturer is important in achieving maximum strength. Operative Suction Tip Ans- Larger in circumference Designed with straight or slight angle in the middle Each opening has a beveled working end so that the tip can be positioned parallel to the site for better suction Initial polymerization for self-cured sealants Ans- Occurs within 1 minute of the mixing process What are the "four Ds" necessary for a successful malpractice suit? Ans- duty, dereliction, direct cause, and damages. Surgical Suction Tip Ans- Smaller in circumference Size is critical for placement within surgical site More for suctioning blood, tissue, and debris 12. What does res ipsa loquitur mean? Ans- the act speaks for itself, that is, the evidence is clear. Final setting time for self-cured sealants Ans- Which takes approximately 2 minutes from the start of the mix Dimensional Change Ans- Alginate is stored in water- expands Alginate left in the open- shrink or distort You've been learning personal ethics throughout your life by.... Ans- basic instinct, parents, teachers, religion, and observation of other people's behavior universal Ans- The _______ band is selected for the Class II preparation when the proximal "box" is prepared to a minimum depth and width and the cusps are in tact. Hybrid Ans- A_________is a material that produces a similar outcome to its natural couterpart What are the two ways the HVE can be grasped? Ans- 1) Thumb-to-nose grasp (top) 2) Pen grasp (bottom) Unfilled Resin Ans- Sealant material that does not contain filler particles, which does not require adjusting the bite What are the best defenses against a malpractice suit? Ans- Prevention and communication are the best defenses against malpractice lawsuits. Types of Setting Ans- Normal Set Alginate- has a working time of 2 minutes and a set time of 4.5 minutes after mixing Fast Set Alginate- has a working time of 1.15 minutes and a set time of 1-2 minutes after mixing insulating Ans- is a method of preventing the passage of heat or electricity extension Ans- The ________ band is selected for a class II preparation that is more extensive and requires gingival extensions to compensate for the loss of a cusp. The six basic principles of ethics are... Ans- autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, justice, confidentiality, and veracity Offering the help a classmate study is an example of the principle of Ans- well-being (beneficence) universal band Ans- etching Ans- is the process of opening or removing enamel rods with the use of an acid product Water-to-Powder Ratio Ans- Adult Mandibular Impression- generally requires two scoops of powder to two measures of water. Adult Maxillary Impression- generally requires three scoops of powder to three measures of water. Which hand does the Dental Assistant hold the HVE? Ans- For right-handed dentist, the assistant hols the HVE in his/her right hand Purpose of dental sealants Ans- To prevent dental caries in the pits and fissures, prevent bacteria and food particles from setting into the pits and fissures of the tooth What is meant by res gestae? Ans- Statements made by any person at the time of an alleged negligent act are admissible as evidence in a court of law. What is the difference between implied consent and written consent? Ans- An implied consent is demonstrated by actions, in contrast to a written consent, which is signed. Dimethacrylate Ans- BIS-GMA (unfilled resin) Positioning HVE Ans- Place HVE in mouth BEFORE dentist Position suction tip on the surface of operative tooth closest to you Position the bevel of tip so that it is parallel to the tooth surface Keep the edge of the suction tip EVEN WITH OR SLIGHTLY BEYOND occlusal/incisal surface Reversible Hydrocolloid Ans- Impression material that can return to a liquid once it has become a solid polymerize Ans- the process of bonding two or more monomers is_________ Admitting to having broken a dental instrument in the laboratory is an example of the principle of Ans- autonomy extension band Ans- Telling a child that a dental procedure will not hurt, when it may, is a violation of Ans- veracity smaller larger Ans- The (larger/smaller)______ circumference of the band is the gingival edge and is always positioned towards the gingiva. The (larger/smaller) ________ circumference of the band is the occlusal edge and is always positioned on the tooth facing the occlusal part of the tooth. eugenol Ans- Colorless liquid made from clove oil and used for its soothing qualities Elastomeric Materials Ans- Materials are used when an accurate impression is essential having elastic or rubber-like qualities. Maintenance of the Evacuators Ans- Follow infection control policies when handling contaminated items Flush hoses at the end of the day Check traps weekly Open saliva ejector and clean/replace screens Photopolymerization Ans- Light activated (hardened) Why should broken appointments be noted on the patient's chart? Ans- These may be interpreted as contributory negligence on the part of the patient. What are the two types of rinses for the oral cavity? Ans- 1) Limited-Area Rinsing 2) Full-Mouth Rinsing What is the primary purpose of reporting suspected cases of child abuse? Ans- To protect the child from further abuse. Glass Ionomer Ans- Only material that can be used as a sealant that does not require etching and this material also releases fluoride Can an act be unethical and still be legal Ans- Yes