Biol 1201 Exam 1 (Gregg) with Complete Solutions

Biol 1201 Exam 1 (Gregg) with Complete Solutions plasma membrane The membrane at the boundary of every cell that acts as a selective barrier, thereby regulating the cell's chemical composition. Ribosomes complexes that make proteins; free in cytosol or bound to rough ER or nuclear envelope Golgi apparatus active in synthesis, modification, sorting, and secretion of cell products Lysosome digestive organelle where macromolecules are hydrolyzed, and autophagy Mitachondrion organelle where cellular respiration occurs and most ATP is generated Cytoskeleton reinforces cell's shape; functions in cell movement; components are made of protein. Includes: Microfilaments, Intermediate filaments, Microtubules. Endoplasmic Reticulum network of membranous sacs and tubes; active in membrane synthesis and other synthetic and metabolic processes; has rough (ribosome-studded) and smooth regions Rough ER protein synthesis Smooth ER lipid synthesis calcium ion storage poison detoxification Nucleolus nonmembranous structure involved in production of ribosomes; a nucleus has one or more nucleoli Chromatin material consisting of DNA and proteins; visible in a dividing cell as individual condensed chromosomes cell wall outer layer that maintains cell's shape and protects cell from mechanical damage; made of cellulose, other polysaccharides, and protein Chloroplast photosynthetic organelle; converts energy of sunlight to chemical energy stored in sugar molecules central vacuole prominent organelle in older plant cells; storage, breakdown of waste products, hydrolysis of macromolecules; enlargement of vacuole major mechanism of plant growth. Part complete The innermost electron shell of an atom can hold up to _____ electrons. 2 Which of these relationships is true of an uncharged atom? The number of protons is equal to the number of electrons What determines the types of chemical reactions that an atom participates in? the number of electrons in the outermost electron shell What type of bond is joining the two hydrogen atoms? covalent A(n) _____ refers to two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. molecule This atom can form up to _____ single covalent bond(s) 4 A(n) _____ bond joins these two oxygen atoms. double covalent Part complete What is the atomic number of an atom that has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons? 6 Part complete Which of these refers to atoms with the same atomic number but different atomic masses? these atoms are isotopes Fluorine's atomic number is 9 and its atomic mass is 19. How many neutrons does fluorine have? 10 An uncharged atom of boron has an atomic number of 5 and an atomic mass of 11. How many protons does boron have?