NBME Full review Exam paper with Detailed Explanation for the latest edition

TRYPTASE MAST CELL TRYPSIN PANCREAS - ***Tryptase Mast Cell Specific marker mast cell activation type 1 hypersensitvity uriticaria angioedema visceral edema hypotension Length Constant = Myelination - ***Demylination in MS Decreases Length Constant A-Delta Fibers thin myelinated fibers - ***Thin Myelinated Nerve Fibers Detect Temperature + Nociceptive GTO 1B extrafusal fibers - ***Series Connection Increase Tension transmit via GTO 1b contact inhibitory interneuron Prevents damage to MSK Red facial lesion persist into adulthood different from strawberry hemangioma will regress - ***Sturge Weber Disease Leptomeningeal Angiomatosis CT: Hemispheric Atrophy due to Venous Infarction Tram-Track Calcification Chromosome 10 - ***C-Cell Carcinoma BACLOFEN Skeletal Muscle Relaxant Side Effects: Hypotension Drowsy Fatigue - ***inhibits mono poly synaptic reflex @ spinal cord Treat: 1) MS Spasticity 2) Spinal Cord Spasticity 3) Trigeminal Neuralgia Solar Elastosis Actinic Keratoses - ***Elastin in Dermis- Damaged Neutrophil in S. Corneum= Munro Abscesses Psoriasis - ***Neutrophil Stratum Corneum Dermis: imagine neutrophil + eosinophils dermatitis herpetiformis - *** - Granulomas : secrete IFN-Y - IFN-Y: activates macrophage -macrophage: increase 1-a hydroxylase -1-a hydroxylase: increase active vitamin D =) High Calcium Low PTH - ***GRANULOMATOUS DISEASES + CALCIUM LEVELS 1) Sarcoidosis 2) Hodgkin Lymphoma 1) Metastasis Cancer Cells 2) Cytokines 3) Chemokines 4) PTHrP - ***HyperCalcemia Causes Necrotizing Fascitis - ***1. Fever Hypotension 2. Pain out of Proportion -Strep Pyogenes -Staph Aureus - C. Perfringens Tyrosine Kinase 1) Insulin 2) IGF-1 3) Cytokines - ***Insulin IGF-1 Cytokines Hydrophobic AA span transmembrane: valine alanine methionine isoleucine INSULIN Tyrosine Phosphorylates IRS IRS Phosphoryl: 2 Pathways - ***IRS undergoes 1) or pathway 2) 1) Tyrosine AutoPhosphorylate