RVT ARDMS Exam Review Questions with Correct Answers

3 causes of venous thrombosis also called, Virchow's Triad Correct Answer Venous stasis, trauma/endothelial damage, hypercoagulability Venous stasis Correct Answer Slowed blood flow in veins. Caused by immobility, myocardial infarction, CHF, hypotension, COPD, obesity, pregnancy, previous DVT, extrinsic compression, SVC syndrome, paraplegia, surgery associated conditions. 2 types of Trauma/endothelial damage Correct Answer Intrinsic and extrinsic Intrinsic trauma is Correct Answer Damage to the vessel wall from intravenous drugs or a catheter. Increased use of PICC line results in higher incidence of upper extremity thrombus, usually developing at most proximal portion of PICC line. Extrinsic trauma is Correct Answer Damage caused by an accident, which can occur at any site of the body. Hypercoagulability is associated with Correct Answer Pregnancy, cancer, oral contraceptives and/or hormone replacement therapy, inherited states,e.g., factor V Leiden or protein C, protein S, or Antithrombin III deficiency Sensitivity, and How to calculate? Correct Answer -Ability of a test to detect disease, how many tests are correctly called positive. - # of true positives divided by # of all positive tests by gold standard, or TP/TP+FN Specificity, and how to calculate? Correct Answer -Ability of a test to identify normality, or how many results were correctly called negative. - # of true negative divided by # of all negative tests by gold standard, or TN/TN+FP Positive predictive value, and how to calculate? Correct Answer -percentage of test results that accurately predict abnormality, or what % correctly predicted disease. - # of true positive test divided by # of all positive tests, or TP/TP+FP Negative predictive value, and how to calculate? Correct Answer - percentage of test results that accurately predict normality, or what % correctly predicted absence of disease. - # of true negatives divided by # of all negative tests, or TN/TN+FN Accuracy, and how to calculate? Correct Answer - % of correct tests, or how well does the test both detect and rule out disease. - total # of correct tests divided by total # of all tests, or TP+TN/TP+FP+FN+TN