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Belastingrecht - hoorcollege 1

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Uploaded on
January 29, 2019
Number of pages
3
Written in
2017/2018
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HC 1 – Historie belastingrecht

De historie van belastingen:
 De Romeinen
o Alle wegen leiden naar Rome
o Macht van de overwinnaar
o Belasting opleggen aan het overwonnen volk (Romeinen betaalden zelf
geen belasting)
 De Middeleeuwen
o Belastinghefng bij de armen
 Alva en de Tiende Penning
o 10% hefng op alle omzet die je maakte (begin van de 80 jarige oorlog)

Doel van belastingen:
 Dekking van overheidsuitgaven (budgettaire functie)
 Ordening samenleving (instrumentele functie, belasting hefen om de
maatschappij op een bepaalde manier te vormen)
o Milieu
o Kinderen
o Etc.
 Herverdelingsfunctie

Vliegbelasting
 01-07-2008 Vliegbelasting/vliegtaks (bovenop ticketprijs bepaalde belasting
hefen, om milieu te beschermen)
 01-07-2009 afgeschaft
 Regeerakkoord: mogelijk in 2021 opnieuw invoering

De wet inkomstenbelasting (Wet IB 2001)
 Draagkrachthefng (rechtvaardigingsgrond, waarom hef je de belasting?)n)

Indicatoren van draagkracht:
 Inkomen
 Vermogen
 Consumptie
 Winst

Wat is inkomen?)n
 Invulling is moeilijk
o Maatschappelijk
o Economisch
o Juridisch (in NL)
 Benadering in de inkomstenbelasting

Onderverdeling in boxen:
 Box 1 (inkomen uit werk en woning)
 Box 2 (inkomen uit aanmerkelijk belang)
 Box 3 (inkomen uit sparen en beleggen)

Analytische inkomensbelasting  boxen staan los van elkaar.
Synthetische inkomstenbelasting  alle boxen bij elkaar optellen (tot 2001)

5 categorieën van box 1
- Winst uit onderneming (eenmanszaak of VOF)
- Loon
- Eigen woning (hoofdverblijf op grond van eigendom)
- Periodieke uitkeringen en verstrekkingen (pensioen, WW, arbeidsongeschikt)
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