NUR 629 3 OB EXAM Questions With 100% Correct Answers

NUR 629 3 OB EXAM Questions With 100% Correct Answers What are presumptive signs of pregnancy? - answerPresumptive signs of pregnancy refers to signs and symptoms that may resemble pregnancy signs and symptoms, but may in fact be caused by something else. *S/S frequently reported during pregnancy Presumptive S/S of pregnancy p. 470 - answerAmenorrhea N/V Fatigue Frequent urination Breast tenderness Chadwick's Sign Hyperpigmentation Chloasma Linea nigra Fetal movements (Quickening) What are probable signs of pregnancy? - answerProbable signs of pregnancy are signs that indicate pregnancy the majority of the time. However, there is still the chance they can be false or caused by something other than pregnancy, like presumptive signs. *S/S that are more reliable indicators of pregnancy, often noted on the physical exam or w/ lab testing Probable S/S of pregnancy - answerA positive pregnancy test - false positives for a variety of reasons, such as the urine being too diluted when the test is taken, or the instructions not being followed completely An enlarged abdomen - bloating during menstruation or a slight weight gain Goodell's sign, Hegar's sign, Braxton-Hicks contractions Uterine/Abdominal enlargement + Preg test What are positive signs of pregnancy? - answerPositive signs of pregnancy are signs that cannot, under any circumstances, be mistaken for other conditions, and are evidence that pregnancy has occurred. *S/S that provide absolute confirmation of pregnancy Positive S/S of pregnancy - answerThese signs include fetal heart sounds by a Doppler in the doctor's office, ultrasound detection of the fetus, or the movement of the fetus felt by a doctor. A positive sign of pregnancy is: Softening of the cervix. Fetal heartbeat. Enlargement of the uterus and abdomen. Mother's perception of fetal movement - answerFetal heartbeat. What is Gestational Diabetes? - answerCarbohydrate intolerance that is induced by pregnancy Screening tests for gestational diabetes: (UpToDate) - answerOne-step approach: 75-gram, 2-hr oral GTT Two-step approach: Glucose challenge test then screen positive patients onto the next step a 100- gram, 3-hour OGTT, which is the diagnostic test for GD --50-gram 1 hour glucose screen: measure plasma glucose 1 hour after consuming When to screen for GD? (UpToDate) - answerUniversal screening between 24-28 weeks of gestation Risk factors for GD per UpToDate - answer1. Personal history of impaired glucose tolerance or GD in previous pregnancy 2. Hispanic-American, AA, Native American, South or East Asian, Pacific Islander 3. FH of diabetes (First-degree relative) 4. Pre-pregnancy BMI >30, excessive weight gain during 18-24 weeks, significant weight gain in early adulthood or btw pregnancies 5. Maternal age >25 years 6. Previous unexplained perinatal loss or birth of a malformed infant 7. Glycosuria at the first prenatal visit 8. Metabolic syndrome, PCOS, current use of glucocorticoids, HTN 9. Multiple gestation What are normal glucose values per the book? - answerNormal values: fasting <110; 2-hour plasma glucose <140 What is impaired glucose tolerance per the book? - answerFasting >110 and <126; 2-hour plasma glucose >140 and <200 after 75g What are diabetic values per the book? - answerplasma glucose >200 and symptoms of polydipsia, polyphagia, and unexplained weight loss fasting >126 on 2 occasions 2-hour plasma glucose >200 after 75g Confirming the results by repeated testing on a subsequent day is recommended According to the book, what is PIH? - answerPIH is now called gestational hypertension according to our book. BP>140/90 w/o proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation and a return of BP to normal postpartum PIH treatment (per uptodate) - answerIf PIH is mild, it can be treated at home. If you have been diagnosed with PIH and your doctor recommends home treatment, you will need to maintain a quiet, restful environment with limited activity or bed rest on your left side. It is important that you follow the diet and fluid intake guidelines from your health care provider and maintain your scheduled appointments. Your perception of fetal movement every three hours is also important. Any changes need to be reported to your health care provider immediately. Abnormal Complaints in first trimester - answer1st trimester: Vaginal bleeding Book: spotting, bleeding, cramping, painful urination, severe vomiting and/or diarrhea, fever > 100.4, symptoms of vaginal infection or STI; persistent or severe low abdominal pain, lightheadedness or dizziness (particularly if accompanied by shoulder pain)