General Science (5435) Praxis II Study Guide

Scientific method 1) make observations 2) form a question 3) formulate a hypothesis 4) experiment 5) analyze results 6) draw conclusion Hypothesis If/then statement, an "educated guess" based on prior knowledge Scientific theory A hypothesis which has been verified and accepted SI base units The preferred method for taking measurements, using units based on 10s. Examples: deci = 1/10, centi = 1/100, deka = 10 kilo = 1000, etc.; m (distance), kg (mass), s (time), K (temperature), mol (amount of molecular substance). Significant figures Addition/subtraction: the least amount of figures; multiplication/division: the least figures before zero in a whole number, after the decimal point including trailing zeros, or after precluding zeros after a decimal point. (Ex: 1235, 123.5, 0.001235) 5.5 × 10^-3 Write this term in scientific notation: 0.0055 2.6 x 10^10 Write this term in scientific notation: 25,877,569,823 using two significant figures. Conversion of °C to °F °F = (9/5 × °C) + 32 Conversion of °C to K K = 273.15 + °C