Psychology- Human Development Latest Update Graded A+

Psychology- Human Development Latest Update Graded A+ Jean Piaget (Switzerland) Believed children learn through interacting with their environment Doing vs. Product Most learning in not intentional. Happens in stages Influenced the way children and educated in America Stage One: Sensory-Motor Stage Birth- Age 2 Explore the world through senses & mobility Schema (mental model) Assimilation Accommodation Emerging object permanence Stage Two: Pre-Operational Stage Ages 2-7 One relationship at a time Symbolic Play/animism Egocentric- Theory of Mind? 1st dreams/night terrors Language leaps! Stage Three: Concrete Operations Ages 7-11 Child begins to "do in their head" Mastery of conservation Two relationships at a time Egocentrism diminishes Stage Four: Formal Operations Ages: 11+ Reason about abstract things Critical judgment of others "Think" about thoughts Erik Erikson Developmental Psychologist Artist & Teacher Neo Freudian People face psycho-social crisis at different stages Stages must resolve successfully for healthy development 1st to "coin" the phrase- "identity crisis" Criticism of Erikson's work... Overlap between the stages (2,3, 4) Scientific rigor Culture Identity Diffusion -Adolescence Haven't begun process Little self direction May avoid getting involved Moratorium (Crisis)-Adolescence Aware they are in crisis Thinking about self-no answers Dissatisfied (school, job, etc.) Daydreams (a lot) Reject parental ideals Intense- short-lived relationships Identity Achievement Begin making some commitments Life not in order-working toward this Trauma can bring on crisis