GEOG 1111 Stan Hopkins UGA Test 1 Study Guide With Questions With Correct Answers 100%

GEOGRAPHY - Answer-is the study and analysis of the spatial and temporal distribution of phenomena on the Earth's surface, and the underlying processes which cause the observed pattern.* Where are these phenomena, what is their pattern, but more importantly, *why is the pattern the way it is, what causes it.* Five Fundamental Themes of Geography: (LPMRH) - Answer-Location Place Movement Regions Human-Earth Relationhships Five Fundamental Themes of Geography: Location 2 types - Answer-Location can be both absolute and relative. It is the spatial component of geography, the being concerned with where things are. absolute: latitude & longitude, or GPS coordinates relative: comparing one location to another by the distance between them as measured in either time or miles (kms) Five Themes of Geography: Place - Answer-Place refers to those characteristics that make a location unique. EX: What makes Athens, GA different from Athens, OH. Five Themes of Geography: Movement - Answer-Movement is the what, how, where and why of the diffusion of organisms and physical events across the Earth's surface.EX: The migration of people, a hurricane, etc. Five Themes of Geography: Regions - Answer-Regions refers to the study of areas with uniform or similar cultural and/or physical characteristics. EX: North America vs. South America, etc. Five Themes of Geography: Human- Earth Relationship - Answer-Human-Earth Relationships looks at the *impacts of the environment on people & their impact on the environment.* It is the relationship between human societies & their environment. EX: The impacts of deforestation, human pollution, agriculture, etc.; the relationship between the environment & human technological development. 3 Main Sub-disciplines or areas in Geography: HTP - Answer-Physical Geography: (non-human-made patterns) Biogeography, Geomorphology, Climatology, Hydrogeography, Soils geography Human/Cultural Geography: (human-made patterns) Economic, Political, Historical, Cultural, Urban, Population, etc. Techniques: (the tools of geography) Cartography, Remote Sensing,Aerial Photography, Geographic Information Systems/Science (GIS) Who is considered to be one of the first geographers? - Answer-Eratosthenes, a Greek who lived from 275 to 195 B.C., is considered one of the first "geographers". What did Eratosthenes do for the physical geography field? - Answer-He measured the polar circumference of the Earth.* He became an accomplished cartographer or map-maker. * He developed the idea of environmental zones based on temperature (Tº). Who is considered by some to be the father of modern physical geography and is credited with bringing the scientific study to physical geography? - Answer-Alexander von Humboldt, (), considered by some the "father" of modern physical geography. Who developed the Theory of Continental Drift which later became part of the theory of Plate Tectonics? - Answer-Alfred Wegner (), Who developed another climate classification system based on the principle of water balance, precipitation & potential evapotranspiration? - Answer-Charles Thornthwaite (), Who developed the Fujita Scale for measuring the intensity of tornadoes? - Answer-Tetsuya Theodore Fujita (), Who developed, along with Herbert Saffir, the Saffir-Simpson Scale for measuring hurricane intensity? - Answer-Robert Simpson (), developed, along with Herbert Saffir, Atmosphere - Answer-is the thin gaseous veil which surrounds the Earth. Hydrosphere - Answer-is all the water above, on, and in the Earth in all three (3) states (solid, liquid, gas), freshwater, saline (saltwater),and in-between. Lithosphere - Answer-is the Earth's crust and a portion of the upper mantle.