DAANCE Module 3- Anesthetic Drugs & Techniques Exam Verified 100%

DAANCE Module 3- Anesthetic Drugs & Techniques Exam Verified 100% What are the primary goals of outpatient IV office anesthesia? - analgesia, amnesia, relaxation and immobility, and loss of consciousness (hypnosis) What type of drugs provide amnesia? - Benzodiazepines, such as Versed (midazolam) or Valium (diazepam) What type of drugs help provide relaxation and immobility? - benzodiazepines, Diprivan (Propofol), Ketamine, and Brevital (methohexital) What type of drugs help provide loss of consciousness (hypnosis)? - Diprivan (Propofol) and Brevital (methohexital) What are the basic requisites of an anesthetic agent? - lacking toxicity, nonflammable, possessing minimal allergenicity, and preferably nonaddictive What are some examples of drugs in which redistribution happens rapidly? - Propofol and Brevital What is an example of a drug in which redistribution happens slowly? - Valium What is an example of a drug type that is an anxiolytic, affecting the center for emotion of the brain? - Benzodiazepines What are some examples of drugs that have their primary effect on the centers for wakefulness of the brain? - Propofol and Brevital What is an example of a drug that has its primary effect on the relay center of the brain? - Ketamine Most anesthetic agents have some effect on which portion of the brain, with the exception of Ketamine? - The vital centers of the brain Narcotics have their primary effect on these receptors, and they are located in the CNS. What are they called? - Opioid receptors What does PO stand for? - By Mouth What does IV stand for? - Intravenous What does IM stand for? - Intramuscular What does SQ stand for? - Subcutaneous Levels of sedation are defined by who? - American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) and the American Dental Association (ADA) What are the 4 levels of sedation? - Minimal Sedation Anxiolysis, Moderate Sedation/Analgesia ("Conscious Sedation"), Deep Sedation/Analgesia, General Anesthesia What is the term for the elimination of sensation (pain) in one part of the body by the topical application or regional injection of a drug? - Local anesthesia What level of sedation provides a minimally depressed level of consciousness that retains the patient's ability to independently and continuously maintain an airway and respond normally to tactile stimulation and verbal commands? Ventilation and cardiovascular functions should be unaffected. - Minimal sedation Benzodiazepines are most often utilized for what level of sedation? - Minimal sedation Examples of medications used for the adult patient for minimal sedation are? - Halcion (triazolam), Ativan (lorazepam), Xanax (alprazolam) and Valium (diazepam) What is the dose of Halcion (triazolam) for minimal sedation for the adult patient? - 0.25-0.5 mg What is the dose of Halcion (triazolam) for the elderly patient for minimal sedation? - 0.125 mg What is the dose of Versed (midazolam) for the pediatric patient for minimal sedation? - 0.5 mg/kg with a max dose of 20 mg What is another name for Halcion? - triazolam What is another name for Ativan? - lorazepam What is another name for Xanax? - alprazolam What is another name for Valium? - diazepam What is another name for Versed? - midazolam What level of sedation would a patient be experiencing if they respond purposefully to verbal commands either alone or with light tactile stimulation? Intervention is not required to maintain an airway, and spontaneous ventilations are adequate. Protective reflexes are maintained. Cardiovascular function is usually maintained. Normal reflexes remain intact. - Moderate Sedation What is the normal route of administration for moderate sedation? - parenteral (IV) route