DAANCE Module 3- Anesthetic Drugs and Techniques Test Latest

DAANCE Module 3- Anesthetic Drugs and Techniques Test Latest Horace Wells and William T.G Morton - introduced the world to anesthetic gases nitrous oxide and ether Sodium Methohexital (brevital) - introduced in the 1960s; a benzodiazepine-relaxation and immobility; ultra short acting barbiturate, not as highly bound to fat; side effects include apnea on induction and increased tendencies toward larengospasm, bronchospasm, hypotension, tachycardia, hiccups, and muscle twitching Diazepam (valium) - anxiolytic; has less cardiac and respiratory depressant effect than many other agents; sedative and amnesia effects; Anxiolytic - dissolving anxiety Basic Requisites for an Anesthetic - a. lack of toxicity b. non-flammable c. preferably non-addictive d. minimal allergenicity Analgesia - essential that the patient feels no pain during the surgical procedure Amnesia - no memory of what happened during surgery Relaxation and Immobility - essential that the patient is relaxed and immobile during surgical procedure Loss of Consciousness - hypnosis Five Primary areas within the Brain where Anesthetics work - a. the centers for emotion. b. the centers for wakefulness. c. the relay center. d. opioid reeceptors e. the vital centers Pharmacokinetics - refers to the effects that the body has on drugs; what the body does to the drug Routes of Administration - 1. by mouth (PO) 2. topical 3. subcutaneous (SQ)- beneath the skin 4. rectal (PR) 5. intramuscular (IM) 6. intravenous (IV) 7. inhalation 8. intravenous via infusion pump Four levels of Sedation - 1. minimal sedation (anxiolysis) 2. moderate sedation (conscious sedation) 3. deep sedation/analgesia