wound care final exam 2024 questions with verified answers

wound care final exam 2024 questions with verified answers what is force acting tangentially on an area of an object? - Correct Answers shear force skin remains stationary and the tissues below the skin (fat/muscle) are deformed or distorted is an example of: ____________ - Correct Answers shear force what do shear stresses on a tissue do? - Correct Answers decrease the ability to withstand normal loads -tissue subjected to shear force can suffer ischemia at only HALF the pressure than without shear the resistance to motion in a parallel direction relative to the common boundary of 2 surfaces is: ___________ - Correct Answers friction what is friction pressure usually associated with? - Correct Answers skin/bedding on skin/seating cushion interfaces temperatures of ____ cause increased perspiration, increasing the maceration risk of the skin and increasing the pH - Correct Answers 95 deg. F what is the normal skin pH? what about urine and feces? - Correct Answers 4-6.5 -urine is around 6.8 and feces around 7-7.5 --> tend to be closer to a neutral pH what are the 3 elements that lead to the development of an actual pressure ulcer? - Correct Answers -intensity of pressure & vascular occlusion -duration of the pressure AND -tissue tolerance what is normal capillary blood pressure? what happens if external pressure exceeds capillary blood pressure? - Correct Answers 12-32 mmHg -if external pressure exceeds capillary blood pressure --> blood flow is impeded --> ischemia and breakdown occur tissue damage was thought to be caused by compression of capillaries, known as ________ _________ _________ - Correct Answers capillary closing pressure what happens if pressure to the skin is relieved within a few hours? - Correct Answers a brief period of reactive hyperemia occurs (redness) with NO lasting tissue damage -will have blanching what happens if pressure to the skin is unrelieved? - Correct Answers the endothelial cells lining the capillaries become disrupted with platelet aggregation --> forming micro-thrombi that BLOCK blood flow and cause anoxic necrosis of surrounding tissue what is more sensitive to pressure: muscle or skin? - Correct Answers muscle is more sensitive to pressure what is considered hypoalbuminia and why is this important? - Correct Answers <3.4 g/dL --> important because malnutrition can lead to increased risk at developing a pressure ulcer what are the common locations of pressure ulcers in supine position? - Correct Answers occiput, scapula, sacrum, heels what are the common locations of pressure ulcers in sidelying (lateral)? - Correct Answers ear, a