NURS 360 Lipid Question with Answers for Exam 2

Cholesterol normal value - *** 200 mg/dL Triglycerides normal value type of fat in blood that is stored in fat cells - *** 150 mg/dL LDL value - ***100 mg/dL HDL value - *** 60 mg/dL Risks - ***smoking, family history, overweight, poor diet, lack of exercise üDiet üExercise üWeight loss - ***1 Treatment = Lifestyle modification nOmega-3 fatty acids - ***qFish qSeafood qNuts qSeeds simvastatin (Zocor) atorvastatin (Lipitor) pravastatin (Pravachol) lovastatin (Mevacor) rosuvastatin (Crestor) - ***HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors: Statins HMG-CoA turns into- Mevalonic acid- cholesterol synthesis - ***requires HMG-CoA reductase Blocks HMG-CoA reductase (enzyme that synthesizes cholesterol) in liver prevents cholesterol synthesis also reduces serum cholesterol & LDL levels - ***Statins action nVery few! nUncommon effects: qRhabdomyolysis- devastates kidneys ncan lead to muscle aches (myalgia) & muscle damage nresults in elevated creatinine kinase levels (CK) nif severe kidney failure qLiver failure nincreased inflammation - ***statin adverse effects Labs- alt, ast, creatnine - ***statins nmonitor liver function üAST, ALT nMonitor for myalgias ngive w/ evening meal because absorption is enhanced & cholesterol synthesis is greatest in evening nrestrict alcohol nNO grapefruit juice - ***statins nursing actions S: Sore Muscles so monitor Creatine Kinase found in skeletal muscle and heart so high levels of CK will indicate damage...Statin induced rhabdomyolysis. Don't give with fi