Med-Surg: Hematologic System Exam Questions And Answers 100% Verified

Med-Surg: Hematologic System Exam Questions And Answers 100% Verified ___ is the formation of blood cells - answerHematopoiesis what are 4 parts to the hematopoiesis system? - answer-Red Blood Cells -White Blood Cells -Platelets -Immune Response where is blood produced? - answerbone marrow bone marrow releases cells from where in adults? - answerflat bones and ends of long bones ___ replaces active bone marrow as we age which is why OA dont produce as many blood cells - answerfatty tissue blood stem cells are ___ at first - answerundifferentiated ___ determine what cells will be and can differentiate into only one cell type - answercommitted stem cell (precursor cell) ___ is a hormone produced and released by the kidney that stimulates the production of red blood cells by the bone marrow. - answerErythropoietin What is growth factor specific for RBC? - answerErythropoietin What percentage of blood is plasma? - answer55% What percent of blood is RBC? - answer45% what percent of blood is WBC? - answer<1% what are the 3 major proteins in plasma - answer-albumin -globulins -fibronogens albumin maintains ___ of the blood (so it stays in cell) - answerosmotic pressure if there is a low amount of albumin what can it cause the blood to do? - answerblood to leak into tissues (3rd space) Globulins have many functions but one is to transport other substances as an ___ - answerantibodies globulins protect the body from ___ - answerinfection fibrinogens is an activated form of fibrin, which is critical in the ___ - answerclotting process ___ is another name for red blood cells - answerErythrocytes what are 2 characteristics of mature erythrocytes (RBC) - answer-no nucleus -biconcave disc the number of RBC varies on what 3 things - answer-gender -age -health what is the normal RBC count for adults - answer4.2-6.1 million/mm3 What is the lifespan of a RBC? - answer120 days what are 2 things that happen when RBC die? - answer-Old cells are trapped & destroyed in tissues, spleen, liver -Some parts are recycled and used to make new RBCs where are RBC filtered out? - answerspleen what 2 things get reused by dead RBC - answerHgb and iron how many Hgb molecules does each normal RBC contain? - answerhundreds of thousands what does a hemoglobin molecule need to transport? - answeriron how many O2 molecules can 1 Hgb carry? - answer4 What does hemoglobin carry? - answerO2 and CO2 does Hgb combine loosely or tightly with O2? - answerloosely If O2 level in tissues drops what happens? - answeroxygen dissociation (O2 and Hgb seperate) ___ is low oxygen saturation of the body, not enough oxygen in the blood - answerhypoxia Hypoxia can cause the production of more erythropoietin (more RBC) and this causes ___ - answerthick blood what happens if there is not enough RBC? - answerno enough perfusion ___ causes the body to produce more RBC - answerSynthetic erythrocyte-stimulating agents (ESAs) what are 3 types of Synthetic erythrocyte-stimulating agents (ESAs) - answerProcrit, Epogen, and EPO ___ is tested for in athletes because they will try to cheat normal oxygenation of the body - answerSynthetic erythrocyte-stimulating agents (ESAs) what are 7 things needed to form Hgb and RBC's? - answerIron, vitamin B12, folic acid, cooper, cobalt, nickel, and pyridoxine ___ provide protection through inflammation and immunity, also produced in bone marrow - answerwhite blood cells what are the 5 leukocytes associated with inflammation - answer-Neutrophils -Macrophage -Monocyte -Eosinophil -Basophil ___ are the first respondents to inflammation and are the most abundant - answerNeutrophils ___ are also known as "big eaters" and eat damaged cells - answerMacrophages ___ is a type of white blood cell that transforms into macrophages (immature) - answermonocytes ___ are activated with allergies and parasites - answerEosinophils increase in eosinophils means that the problem is ____ and ______ - answerallergies and parasites ___ are released due to an allergic response - answerbasophils ___ is a common term for an alteration in the distribution of leukocytes in which there are increases in banded neutrophils usually in response to severe bacterial infection (body is actively responding to infection/inflammation) - answerleft shift