Module 1 Portage Exam Questions And Answers 100% Solved

Module 1 Portage Exam Questions And Answers 100% Solved what is microbiology - answerthe study of microbes (microorganisms and viruses) and their biological processes what is the smallest biological unit of life - answercell what is a macromolecule - answera complex molecule that is composed from smaller subunits what are the four main types of macromolecules - answerProteins, nucleic acids, lipids and polysaccharides what various functions do proteins have in the cell - answer-facilitate the movement of materials in or out of a cell -act as enzymes that catalyze, or speed up, biochemical processes -play a structural role - enable movement two major types of nucleic acids - answerDNA and RNA what is the role of DNA - answercontains a vast amount of hereditary information and is responsible for the inheritable characteristics of living organisms what is the role of RNA - answeris responsible for deciphering the hereditary information in DNA and using it to synthesize proteins. what are nucleic acids - answerchemical molecules that carry genetic information within the cell what is the plasma membrane composed of - answercomposed of lipids (hydrophobic hydrocarbons) what is the function of the plasma membrane - answera surrounding barrier that separates the inside of the cell from the outside surrounding environment - restricts the movement of materials either in/out of the cell what is influx (plasma membrane) - answerallowing a cells to absorb and keep what is needed what is outflux (plasma membrane) - answerpreventing the escape of essential nutrients what are the three main components of polysaccharides - answercarbon, hydrogen, oxygen atoms What is the primary difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? - answereukaryotic cells have a nucleus prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus What are the main morphologies of bacteria? - answercoccus, bacillus , vibrio, spirillum Describe bacteria coccus shape - answer(round/spherical) describe bacteria bacillus shape - answer(rod) describe bacteria vibrio shape - answer(curved rod) describe bacteria spirillum shape - answer(spiral/corkscrew) Which group (classification) of bacteria is noted for its ability to survive under harsh conditions? - answerarchaea What are the 4 main classifications of Eukarya? - answerAnimalia, Plantae, Fungi or Protista Can viruses be classified as either prokaryotic or eukaryotic? - answerno- not considered living + can only replicate within a host The lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane is composed of what? - answerprimarily of amphipathic phospholipids, meaning they contain a polar hydrophilic head group and a non- polar hydrophobic tail region. What does hydrophobic mean? - answerWater fearing what does hydrophilic mean? - answerwater loving describe structure of the lipid bilayer (heads and tails where and why) - answerthe non-polar tail groups face inward thus orienting the polar head groups to interact with water both outside and inside of the cell