1) Ex post facto laws exam questions and answers 2024

Ex post facto laws A law which punishes people for a crime that was not a crime when it was committed. Congress cannot pass these laws. Speaker of the House An office mandated by the Constitution. The Speaker is chosen in practice by the majority party, has both formal and informal powers, and is second in line to succeed to the presidency should that office become vacant. Political parties organization that tries to influence gov. policy by promoting its ideas and backing candidates for office House of Representatives 435 Members, based on population of the state Article 1 Article of the Constitution that defines the Legislative Branch, it's powers, members, and workings. Judicial Review Authority given the courts to review constitutionality of acts by the executive/state/legislature; est. in Marbury v. Madison Amendment A change in, or addition to, a constitution or law Bill of Rights Although the Anti-Federalists failed to block the ratification of the Constitution, they did ensure that the Bill of Rights would be created to protect individuals from government interference and possible tyranny. The Bill of Rights, drafted by a group led by James Madison, consisted of the first ten amendments to the Constitution, which guaranteed the civil rights of American citizens. Powers denied Article 1 Section 9 Necessary and Proper Clause Clause of the Constitution (Article I, Section 8, Clause 3) setting forth the implied powers of Congress. It states that Congress, in addition to its express powers, has the right to make all laws necessary and proper to carry out all powers the Constitution vests in the national government Article V A provision of the Constitution that makes the laws and treaties of the federal government the "supreme law of the land." Census A periodic and official count of a country's population. Bill of attainder A law that declares a person, without a trial, to be guilty of a crime