PN Pharmacology Exam 3
Can you take thiazide diuretics with renal impairement? - ANSNo - contraindicated in patients
with renal impairment
Can you use thiazide diuretics in patients with renal failure? - ANSNot effective in patients with
severe renal failure
Do thiazide diuretics cause risk of hearing loss? - ANSNo risk of hearing loss & can be
combined with ototoxic medications
Do you need to assess for a sulfa allergy with Thiazide diuretics? - ANSsulfa based - assess for
sulfa allergy
Furosemide can cause _________ especially when given IV - ANSototoxicity
Give an example of an osmotic diuretic? - ANSmannitol
how does thiazide diuretics affect osteoporosis? - ANSPromotes reabsorption of calcium and
can reduce the risks for postmenopausal osteoporosis.
How do osmotic diuretics work? - ANSReduce intracranial pressure & intraocular pressure by
raising serum osmolality and drawing fluid back into the vascular and extravascular.
How do potassium sparing diuretics work? - ANSMOA: either by blocking sodium or by blocking
aldosterone, the hormone that controls renal reabsorption of sodium and potassium.
How do thiazide diuretics work? - ANSMOA: block Na+ reabsorption and increase potassium
and water excretion
How should hydrochlorothiazide be taken with regards to food? - HCTZ - ANSThe client should
take HCTZ with or after meals to prevent gastrointestinal upset
Hydrochlorothiazide does what to blood sugar? - ANSIncreases - hyperglycemia. Patient may
need more insulin
If a patient is prescribed furosemide BID, when should you administer the medication? -
ANS08:00 & 14:00 to prevent nocturia
If a patient is prescribed furosemide one time per day when should you administer the
medication? - ANS08:00 prevent nocturia
, _______________ is a side effect of a thiazide diuretics and this could lead to symptoms
resembling _______. - ANSHyperuricemia is a side effect of thiazide diuretics and this could
lead to symptoms resembling gout.
Mannitol (osmotic diuretic) can cause a fluid shift into the vascular space and the client should
be monitored for signs of ____________. - ANSHeart Failure - dyspnea, crackles, fluid-overload
Mannitol is used to decrease intracranial pressure. Thinking about this, what should you assess
the patient for? - ANSS/S of increased intracranial pressure like vomiting, headache, altered
level of consciousness.
What kind of needle do you need for Mannitol? - ANSfilter needle and filter IV tubing
Name one drug that is a potassium sparing diuretic. - ANSSpironolactone
Renal impairment is a contraindication to the administration of what diuretic? - ANSThiazide
diuretic
Should a patient taking a potassium sparing diuretic use salt substitutes? - ANSNo, because
they contain a lot of potassium.
Should you instruct clients to administer foods high in potassium with a loop diuretic? - ANSYes
Should you instruct clients to administer foods high in potassium with a thiazide diuretic? -
ANSYes
What are manifestations of ototoxicity? - ANSReport manifestations of ototoxicity such as
tinnitus or hearing loss.
What are osmotic diuretics used to treat? - ANSPrimary Use: to reduce intracranial pressure,
pressure due to cerebral edema. Also used to maintain urine flow in prolonged surgery, acute
renal failure, or severe renal hypoperfusion.
What are potential complications of osmotic diuretics? - ANSHeart failure,
rebound increased intracranial pressure,
fluid and electrolyte imbalances leading to metabolic acidosis
What are some drugs that can cause ototoxicity? - ANSFurosemide, Streptomycin, Gentamicin
What are the SE of loop diuretics? - ANSMinor: hypokalemia, postural hypotension, tinnitus,
nausea, diarrhea, dizziness, fatigue
Significant: hypokalemia, blood dyscrasias, dehydration, ototoxicity, electrolyte imbalances,
circulatory overload.
Can you take thiazide diuretics with renal impairement? - ANSNo - contraindicated in patients
with renal impairment
Can you use thiazide diuretics in patients with renal failure? - ANSNot effective in patients with
severe renal failure
Do thiazide diuretics cause risk of hearing loss? - ANSNo risk of hearing loss & can be
combined with ototoxic medications
Do you need to assess for a sulfa allergy with Thiazide diuretics? - ANSsulfa based - assess for
sulfa allergy
Furosemide can cause _________ especially when given IV - ANSototoxicity
Give an example of an osmotic diuretic? - ANSmannitol
how does thiazide diuretics affect osteoporosis? - ANSPromotes reabsorption of calcium and
can reduce the risks for postmenopausal osteoporosis.
How do osmotic diuretics work? - ANSReduce intracranial pressure & intraocular pressure by
raising serum osmolality and drawing fluid back into the vascular and extravascular.
How do potassium sparing diuretics work? - ANSMOA: either by blocking sodium or by blocking
aldosterone, the hormone that controls renal reabsorption of sodium and potassium.
How do thiazide diuretics work? - ANSMOA: block Na+ reabsorption and increase potassium
and water excretion
How should hydrochlorothiazide be taken with regards to food? - HCTZ - ANSThe client should
take HCTZ with or after meals to prevent gastrointestinal upset
Hydrochlorothiazide does what to blood sugar? - ANSIncreases - hyperglycemia. Patient may
need more insulin
If a patient is prescribed furosemide BID, when should you administer the medication? -
ANS08:00 & 14:00 to prevent nocturia
If a patient is prescribed furosemide one time per day when should you administer the
medication? - ANS08:00 prevent nocturia
, _______________ is a side effect of a thiazide diuretics and this could lead to symptoms
resembling _______. - ANSHyperuricemia is a side effect of thiazide diuretics and this could
lead to symptoms resembling gout.
Mannitol (osmotic diuretic) can cause a fluid shift into the vascular space and the client should
be monitored for signs of ____________. - ANSHeart Failure - dyspnea, crackles, fluid-overload
Mannitol is used to decrease intracranial pressure. Thinking about this, what should you assess
the patient for? - ANSS/S of increased intracranial pressure like vomiting, headache, altered
level of consciousness.
What kind of needle do you need for Mannitol? - ANSfilter needle and filter IV tubing
Name one drug that is a potassium sparing diuretic. - ANSSpironolactone
Renal impairment is a contraindication to the administration of what diuretic? - ANSThiazide
diuretic
Should a patient taking a potassium sparing diuretic use salt substitutes? - ANSNo, because
they contain a lot of potassium.
Should you instruct clients to administer foods high in potassium with a loop diuretic? - ANSYes
Should you instruct clients to administer foods high in potassium with a thiazide diuretic? -
ANSYes
What are manifestations of ototoxicity? - ANSReport manifestations of ototoxicity such as
tinnitus or hearing loss.
What are osmotic diuretics used to treat? - ANSPrimary Use: to reduce intracranial pressure,
pressure due to cerebral edema. Also used to maintain urine flow in prolonged surgery, acute
renal failure, or severe renal hypoperfusion.
What are potential complications of osmotic diuretics? - ANSHeart failure,
rebound increased intracranial pressure,
fluid and electrolyte imbalances leading to metabolic acidosis
What are some drugs that can cause ototoxicity? - ANSFurosemide, Streptomycin, Gentamicin
What are the SE of loop diuretics? - ANSMinor: hypokalemia, postural hypotension, tinnitus,
nausea, diarrhea, dizziness, fatigue
Significant: hypokalemia, blood dyscrasias, dehydration, ototoxicity, electrolyte imbalances,
circulatory overload.
