Chapter 8 – Prosocial behavior: Doing what’s best for others
Contents
What is prosocial behavior?..................................................................................................................2
Born to reciprocate............................................................................................................................2
Born to be fair....................................................................................................................................2
Your fair share.......................................................................................................................................4
Tragedy of the commons...................................................................................................................4
Hoarding............................................................................................................................................4
Cooperation, forgiveness, obedience, and conformity..........................................................................5
Cooperation.......................................................................................................................................5
Forgiveness........................................................................................................................................5
Obedience..........................................................................................................................................6
Conformity.........................................................................................................................................6
Why do people help others?..................................................................................................................7
Evolutionary benefts.........................................................................................................................7
Two motives for helping altruism and egoism..................................................................................7
Is altruism possible?..........................................................................................................................7
Who helps whom?.................................................................................................................................9
Helpful personality............................................................................................................................9
Similarity............................................................................................................................................9
Gender...............................................................................................................................................9
Beautiful victims................................................................................................................................9
Belief in a just world..........................................................................................................................9
Emotion and mood..........................................................................................................................10
Bystander helping in emergencies.......................................................................................................11
Five steps to helping........................................................................................................................11
Too busy to help?............................................................................................................................11
How can we increase helping?.............................................................................................................12
Getting help in a public setting........................................................................................................12
Educate others.................................................................................................................................12
Provide helpful models....................................................................................................................12
Teach moral inclusion......................................................................................................................12
Contents
What is prosocial behavior?..................................................................................................................2
Born to reciprocate............................................................................................................................2
Born to be fair....................................................................................................................................2
Your fair share.......................................................................................................................................4
Tragedy of the commons...................................................................................................................4
Hoarding............................................................................................................................................4
Cooperation, forgiveness, obedience, and conformity..........................................................................5
Cooperation.......................................................................................................................................5
Forgiveness........................................................................................................................................5
Obedience..........................................................................................................................................6
Conformity.........................................................................................................................................6
Why do people help others?..................................................................................................................7
Evolutionary benefts.........................................................................................................................7
Two motives for helping altruism and egoism..................................................................................7
Is altruism possible?..........................................................................................................................7
Who helps whom?.................................................................................................................................9
Helpful personality............................................................................................................................9
Similarity............................................................................................................................................9
Gender...............................................................................................................................................9
Beautiful victims................................................................................................................................9
Belief in a just world..........................................................................................................................9
Emotion and mood..........................................................................................................................10
Bystander helping in emergencies.......................................................................................................11
Five steps to helping........................................................................................................................11
Too busy to help?............................................................................................................................11
How can we increase helping?.............................................................................................................12
Getting help in a public setting........................................................................................................12
Educate others.................................................................................................................................12
Provide helpful models....................................................................................................................12
Teach moral inclusion......................................................................................................................12
