AQA A-level GEOGRAPHY 7037/2 Paper 2 MS V:1.0 Final AQA A-level GEOGRAPHY 7037/2 Paper 2 MS V:1.0 Final AQA a level pe Paper 2

AQA A-level GEOGRAPHY 7037/2 Paper 2 MS V:1.0 Final AQA A-level GEOGRAPHY 7037/2 Paper 2 MS V:1.0 Final AQA a level pe Paper 2 Vitamins -correct answer--Essential nutrients that your body needs in small amounts in order to work properly -fat soluble -water soluble Vitamin C -correct answer-Green vegetables and fruits protects cells and Keeps them healthy helps maintenance of bones, teeth and ligaments Vitamin D -correct answer-Sunlight, oily fish, dairy products. Has a role in absorption of calcium, which keeps bones and teeth healthy B6 -correct answer-Meat, fish, eggs, bread, vegetables and cereals. Helps form haemoglobin helps the body to use and store energy from protein and carbohydrate in food. B12 -correct answer-Red meat, dairy products and fish makes red blood cells and keeps the nervous system healthy. releases energy from food. Minerals -correct answer-Assist in bodily functions include sodium (helps with the regulation of fluid levels in the body) Iron (helps the formation of haemoglobin in red blood cells to transport oxygen) calcium (the need for strong bones and teeth and is also necessary for efficient nerve and muscle function) Exercise physiology and biomechanics -correct answer- Carbohydrates -correct answer--Simple and complex carbohydrates -simple carbohydrates are found in fruit -complex carbohydrates are found in nearly all plant based foods (pasta, bread, rice and vegetables) - the principle use of energy in the body -once digested they are converted to glucose -this can then be stored in the muscles and liver as glycogen. Fats -correct answer--Saturated fat (sweet and savoury foods) -trans fat (unsaturated fat found in meat and dairy) -cholesterol (type of fat that circulates in the body) -used during low intensity exercise as a provider of energy Proteins -correct answer--Made up of amino acids -important for muscle growth and repair -meat, fish, eggs, dairy products -minor source of energy and tend to be used more by power atheletes who have a greater need to repair and develop muscle tissue Vitamins -correct answer--Essential nutrients that your body needs in small amounts in order to work properly -fat soluble -water soluble Vitamin C -correct answer-Green vegetables and fruits protects cells and Keeps them healthy helps maintenance of bones, teeth and ligaments Vitamin D -correct answer-Sunlight, oily fish, dairy products. Has a role in absorption of calcium, which keeps bones and teeth healthy B6 -correct answer-Meat, fish, eggs, bread, vegetables and cereals. Helps form haemoglobin helps the body to use and store energy from protein and carbohydrate in food. B12 -correct answer-Red meat, dairy products and fish makes red blood cells and keeps the nervous system healthy. releases energy from food. Minerals -correct answer-Assist in bodily functions include sodium (helps with the regulation of fluid levels in the body) Iron (helps the formation of haemoglobin in red blood cells to transport oxygen) calcium (the need for strong bones and teeth and is also necessary for efficient nerve and muscle function) Fibre -correct answer-Found in whole meal bread and pasta, potatoes, nuts, seeds, fruit, vegetables and pulses can speed up digestion and prevent constipation. (Insoluble fibre) Water -correct answer-Important for hydration before during and after exercise prevents dehydration. Dietary supplements -correct answer-Used to artificially manipulate performance, but these have both positive and negative effects Creatine -correct answer-Compound that is naturally made in the body which supplied energy for muscular contraction. Also used as a supplement to increase athletic performance. Advantages of creatine -correct answer-Aims to provide ATP replenishes phosphocreatine stores allows ATP-PC system to last longer improves muscle mass Disadvantages of creatine -correct answer-Possible side effects (muscle cramps, diarrhoea, water retention, bloating and vomiting). Hinder aerobic performance mixed evidence to shoe benefits Sodium carbonate -correct answer-A white soluble compound used as an antacid Positive effects of sodium bicarbonate -correct answer-Reduces acidity in the muscle cells delays fatigue increase buffering capacity of the blood Negative effects of sodium bicarbonate -correct answer-Side effects (voimitng, pain, cramping, diarrhoea and bloating) Caffeine -correct answer-Naturally occuring stimulant which increases alertness and reduces fatigue Positive effects of caffeine -correct answer-Stimulant increases mental rehearsal reduces effect of fatigue allows fats to be used as an energy source delays use of glycogen stores improves decision making (reaction time is improved) may benefit aerobic performance. Disadvantages of caffeine -correct answer-Loss of fine control against rules of most sports in large quantities side effects (dehydration, insomnia, muscle cramps, stomach cramps and irregular heartbeat) Glycogen loading -correct answer-Used b