Summary FLG 211 Unit 2 Notes

FLG 211 Copyright Micaela de Jager




Unit 2 – Muscle Physiology


UNIT 2 – LECTURE 1: SKELETAL MUSCLE

ORIENTATION AND DIRECTIONAL TERMS




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,FLG 211 Copyright Micaela de Jager




ANATOMICAL PLANES
Median or midsagittal:
- Single imaginary vertical line
- Long axis of the body
- Divides body into 2 identical right and left halves

Sagittal plane:

- Divides body into left and right halves
- Any vertical line at any place of the body




Coronal or frontal plane
- Any vertical line
- Perpendicular to the median or midsagittal plane
- Divides body into a front (anterior) and back (posterior) half




Transverse or horizontal plane
- Any plane perpendicular to both the median and coronal planes
- Divides body into an upper (superior) and lower (inferior) half




Oblique plane
- Movement – around oblique axis
- Any movement that cannot be explained with the sagittal, frontal
or horizontal plane is normally in oblique plane
Eg.
o Golf swing
o Tennis serve




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, FLG 211 Copyright Micaela de Jager




ANATOMICAL POSITION

• Body is in erect position
• Head, eyes and toes facing forward
• Upper limbs at side of body
• Palms facing forward (anterior)
• Thumbs facing outward (lateral)




WHAT CAUSES MOVEMENT?


STIMULUS ENERGY LEVER

➢ Get message from the brain ➢ food which is transformed into ➢ joint
that you need to move. “usable” energy known as ➢ muscles
➢ nerves – nervous system ➢ tendons
➢ motor – action ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) ➢ bones (skeletal system)
➢ sensory – sensing
➢ used to sustain movement



MAIN FUNCTIONS OF MUSCLES
• Contraction
• Support
• Generate motion
• Generate force Striations
• Generate heat




Types of muscles Intercalated discs




No striations




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