Patho-NSG-120 Final Exam Review.

Patho-NSG-120 Final Exam Review. The nurses is caring for a client with the following ABG's of pH of 7.49, PC02 45 and HCO3 30. The nurse interprets this as which of the following? Metabolic alkalosis The nurse is performing a skin assessment and notes a red area on the client coccyx that does not blanch but has no broken skin the nurse correctly documents this as which of the following? Decubitus pressure ulcer Which of the following with carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase lowering pH and stimulating the respiratory center resulting in increased rate and depth of respirations and hyperventilation? Hypercapnia Which of the following would be considered autoimmune disease? Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) The nurse is caring for a client with longstanding Type 2 diabetes which following is a potential long-term complication of the disease? Retinopathy What is the common warnings of a myocardial infarction? Select all that apply · Feeling of pressure in chest · Nausea · Anxiety · Diaphoresis Which of the following are the cardinal signs of congestive heart failure? · Exercise intolerance and Dysrhythmias The nurse have a client with heart failure the client would like the nurse to explain what the diagnosis means. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? The heart is unable to pump sufficient blood to meet the metabolic needs of the body A client with obstructive pulmonary disease COPD presents to the emergency room with difficulty breathing. The physical examination reveals bluish skin nailbeds and mucous membranes. Which term correctly describes this condition? Cyanosis The nurse is assessing a client and notes wheezing and a cough. The client uses accessory muscles during breathing. The primary health care provider provides bronchodilators and corticosteroids in the form of inhalers. The nurse should recognize that a client is most likely experiencing which of the following? Asthma The nurse is reading a client's history and physical notes that the client has a history of leukopenia the nurse interprets this to mean that the client has which of the following? Decreased leukocytes Which of the following is the correct sequence or pathway for blood flow through the heart? right atrium - right ventricle - pulmonary artery -lungs -pulmonary vein- left atrium- left ventricle- aorta The nurse is teaching a client that diabetes causes a higher risk of developing coronary artery disease because of which of the following? Hyperglycemia causes endothelial degeneration leading to Acura Cirrhosis A 7-year-old client was recently diagnosed with type one diabetes. The client asked why I have to have insulin injections? The nurse should explain which of the following? Pancreas is not producing insulin A nurse is admitting a client to the emergency room the client begins to have a seizure activity including the loss of consciousness and limb jerking. The nurse priority is to do which of the following? Protect the client from injury Which of the following blood tests are used to diagnose diabetes mellitus? Hemoglobin A1C Which neurotransmitter is depleted in client with Parkinson's disease? Dopamine Which of the following is the condition where fat containing substances or deposited on the coronary artery lumens causing a narrow? Coronary artery disease A client has been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis the nurse recognizes that the client's condition is a result of which of the following? Autoimmune mediated response that is caused by the demyelination of the neurons of the brain, spinal cord Bradykinesia occurring in Parkinson's disease places the client with Parkinson's disease most at risk for which of the following? Falls and injury's A client who is being seen in an outpatient clinic reports a single episode of unilateral arm and leg weakness and blurred vision that lasted approximately 45 minutes. The symptoms have completely subsided, and the client is now back to their baseline. The client most likely experienced which of the following? TIA (transient ischemic attack) The nurses came for a client diagnosed with expressive aphasia after having a stroke how should the nurse explain expressive aphasia to the client's family? it's characterized by an impaired ability to speak or write fluently or appropriately After a patient experiences a stroke specific local signs and symptoms are based on area affected these signs and symptoms including any of the following except what? Dyspnea A client is admitted to the emergency department that has acute Guillain-Barre Syndrome. The nurse knows which of the following are characteristics of this disease? select all that · Autoimmune disease · Often follows a viral infection or immunization · Causes Semi-paralysis The nurse is caring for a client with photophobia, fever, spontaneous flexion of the knees when the knees are bent, resistance to extension of the leg and hip flexed. which of the following does the nurse anticipate will be the diagnosis of this client? Meningitis The client has a history of seizures and reports seeing flashing lights immediately prior to the seizure. The nurse should recognize this as which of the following? Aura The client has reported pain localized to the right great toe additionally the radiographic reports revealed inflammation and uric acid crystals in the joint of the great toe. Which disorder do the client have? Gout The nurse is conducting health screening for osteoporosis. Which client is at greatest risk? 65 65-year-old woman who is sanitary and smokes cigarettes While teaching a group of student nurses about different types of fractures the nursing instructor says the fracture is characterized by the bone being exposed to air through a break in the skin. Which type of fracture is this? Open Facture The nurses caring for a client with left ankle sprain. The nurse knows that the best therapy to treat the inflammation that occurs with the sprain is which of the following? RICE treatment (Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation)