GCSE psychology revision Exam Questions with Complete Solutions

personality - ANSWER-An individual's characteristic style of behaving, thinking, and feeling. The personality of an individual is likely to stay relatively constant, although it can change slowly over the years. temperament - ANSWER-Relates to those features of the personality which are inherited. Given than this is an inbuilt part of an individual's nature there is very little than can be done to alter it. Thomas, Chess and Birch (1977) aim: discover if the way we respond to the environment changes over our lifetime.(temperament) - ANSWER-This was a longitudinal study (over many years) 133 children observed at intervals from infancy through to early adulthood. The parents were also interviewed about their children's reaction to change. Children split into three categories: 'easy' children were happy most of the time and responded well to change. 'Difficult' would cry a lot and found change challenging. 'slow to warm up' children were slow to adapt to changes but happy when they had done so. conclusion: consistency in terms of how each child/young adult responded to change in their lives. It was therefore concluded that temperament is an inherited characteristic. Limitations: The researchers were relying to some extent on the honesty of the parents in this experiment. The children were also from a narrow cross section of society i.e. they were all middle class and from New York. The individuals concerned were not observed as they moved into middle and old age extroverts - ANSWER-: Generally speaking these people are outgoing, energetic, sociable and seek lots of stimulation from the outside world. introverts - ANSWER-:This personality type tends to be quieter, shyer and more likely to spend time doing things on their own. neurotics - ANSWER-This personality type is often low in self-confidence, irritable, moody and will respond fearfully to new or intimidating situations. The Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) Scale Eysenck invented to measure what kind of personality type an individual has. - ANSWER-In order to make this measurement,individual is required to answer two sets of questions to which only a yes/no answer. first set relates to levels of extroversion and introversion. The second set of questions determine if you are more stable or unstable. answers identify personality types. Unlike the EPI, which gives you a personality category, the EPQ gives you three separate scores for extroversion, neuroticism and psychoticism. People who score