ASU BIO 181 Exam 3 Questions and Answers 100% Verified

ASU BIO 181 Exam 3 Questions and Answers 100% Verified Excitatory synapses make the post-synaptic cell less likely to fire. - answerFalse The neural tissues are: - answerSpinal cord, sensory neurons, and brain How do the glial cells (i.e., myelin sheath) speed up the firing of neurons? - answerThe cell wraps extensions of a fatty insulating substance (myelin) around the axons of neurons. The action potential is: - answerA result of the movement of ions. Receptors are made from membrane-bound polyribosomes. - answerTrue List the 4 types of glial cells and list a phrase to describe their function. - answerMicroglia: cleans up cellular debris- Astrocytes: support and repair neurons- Schwann Cells: myelinates axons of the neurons in the PNS- Satellite: form the brain-blood barrier within the CNS Acetylcholine exocytosed from the presynaptic cell travels to the postsynaptic cell to start the action potential in the postsynaptic cell. - answerTrue When the presynaptic cell contacts a muscle cell, the synapse area is called a motor end plate. - answerTrue Potassium ions are at high concentrations inside of cells including in neurons. - answerTrue The membrane potential (resting potential) is largely set by the Na-K- ATPase pump. - answerTrue Draw an action potential in the axon of a neuron and indicate which ions flow into the neuron and out of the neuron as the action potential passes at the point where the electrodes are in the cell. Be sure to assign on the Y-axis the mV of each of these areas. This should be as described in my lectures. - answer Fast neurons as described in lecture are fast because they are surrounded by a type of glial cell that results in a myelin coating. - answerFalse Voltage-gated ion channels open when a protein binds to the receptor. - answerFalse The cell body refers to the part of the neurons that begin at the dendrites and extend to the axon terminal. - answerFalse Only pre-synaptic neurons are coated with myelin. - answerFalse The post-synaptic cell can be: - answerIn glands, muscle cells, neurons Fast neurons as described in lecture require cytoplasmic signal transduction to open an ion channel. - answerFalse Acetylcholine esterase breaks acetylcholine into muscarinic acid - answerFalse Excitatory synapses cause hyperpolarization of post-synaptic cells. - answerFalse Excitatory synapses cause depolarization of the post-synaptic cell. - answerTrue The axon hillock in the pre-synaptic neuron fires based on temporal and spatial summation of inputs. - answerTrue The receptors in post-synaptic cells are the basis on which the synapse can be defined as inhibitory or excitatory. - answerFalse The resting potential of neurons is: - answerThe answer is not on this list Draw a neuron, and label all the parts as described in lecture. - answer The central nervous system (CNS) contains: - answerThere is no correct answer The terminal web: - answeris a site of exocytosis In the motor end plate, the event that is the immediate trigger for exocytosis is: - answerCalcium ions The autonomic nervous system contains the sympathetic and the parasympathetic nervous system. - answerTrue The axon from a pre-synaptic cell contacts the axon of another neuron. - answerFalse Briefly explain why the action potential flows only from the axon hillock to the terminal web. - answerThe action potential originates from the axon hillock which initiates the flow of the action potential because of the presence of higher density voltage-gated ion channels. Explain how insulin and glucagon regulate the balance (i.e, homeostasis) between glycogen and glucose when epinephrine (i.e., adrenalin) is not involved. - answer- blood glucose rises -> b-cells of pancreas release insulin -> insulin stimulates cells to use glucose and convert glucose to glycogen and fat - blood glucose falls -> pancreas stops releasing insulin -> cells use glycogen and fat for energy