Entrance Exam Semmelweis 2024/2025 Questions with
Complete Solutions
Electron configuration for cations - Correct Answer Subtract 1 from exponent of highest n-value orbital (ex. remove from 4s before 3d)
Ag+ = [Kr]5s^1 4d^9
Electron configuration for anions - Correct Answer Add 1 to closest orbital
Cl- = [Ne]3s^2 3p^6
Atomic orbitals - Correct Answer s, p, d, f
Primary vs secondary structures of proteins - Correct Answer Primary - AA chain (linked by peptide bonds)
Secondary - stabilized by non-covalent bonds (alpha helices & beta sheets)
Most bonds in organic compounds are - Correct Answer covalent
Properties of water - Correct Answer 1. polar
2. capable of adhesion and cohesion
3. high heat capacity (so it's hard to raise its temp)
4. great solvent
5. high heat of vaporization (allows humans to cool off via sweat)
6. water is less dense as a solid than a liquid
Intermolecular forces of water - Correct Answer hydrogen bonding Solution components - Correct Answer 1. solvent (product being dissolved)
2. solute (medium for dissolving solvent)
Molarity - Correct Answer the number of moles of solute per liter of solution
Solubility rules - Correct Answer SOLUBLE 1. alkali metals (group 1) & NH4+ cations
2. NO3- or CH3COO- anions 3. Cl, Br, I (except when bonded to Ag+, Pb2+ or Hg2+)
4. sulfate ions (except when with Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Pb2+)
INSOLUBLE 1. Metal oxides (except CaO, SrO, BaO)
2. Hydroxides (except when with Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+)
3. Carbonates, phosphates, sulfides, and sulfites (unless bound to alkali metal or NH4+)
Solubility product - Correct Answer Ksp = [A]^a[B]^b
**only products because we don't include solids in the equilibrium expression
for NaCl
- Ksp = x^2
for PbCl2
- Ksp = 4x^3
for Cr(OH)3
- Ksp = 27x^4 Large Ksp means - Correct Answer strong electrolyte (more soluble)
Strong acids - Correct Answer So I brought no clean clothes
1. H2SO4
2. HI
3. HBr
4. HNO3
5. HCl
6. HClO4
7. HClO3
Strong bases - Correct Answer 1. NaOH
2. LiOH
3. KOH
4. CsOH
5. RbOH
6. Ba(OH)2
7. Ca(OH)2
8. Sr(OH)2
Bases can certainly look pleasing (K), really something strong (Na)
Le Chatlier's principle: pressure - Correct Answer pressure applied (or volume reduced) --> equilibrium proceeds in direction with fewer moles
pressure removed (or volume increased) --> equilibrium proceeds in direction with more moles
Le Chatlier's principle: temperature - Correct Answer increasing temperature
Complete Solutions
Electron configuration for cations - Correct Answer Subtract 1 from exponent of highest n-value orbital (ex. remove from 4s before 3d)
Ag+ = [Kr]5s^1 4d^9
Electron configuration for anions - Correct Answer Add 1 to closest orbital
Cl- = [Ne]3s^2 3p^6
Atomic orbitals - Correct Answer s, p, d, f
Primary vs secondary structures of proteins - Correct Answer Primary - AA chain (linked by peptide bonds)
Secondary - stabilized by non-covalent bonds (alpha helices & beta sheets)
Most bonds in organic compounds are - Correct Answer covalent
Properties of water - Correct Answer 1. polar
2. capable of adhesion and cohesion
3. high heat capacity (so it's hard to raise its temp)
4. great solvent
5. high heat of vaporization (allows humans to cool off via sweat)
6. water is less dense as a solid than a liquid
Intermolecular forces of water - Correct Answer hydrogen bonding Solution components - Correct Answer 1. solvent (product being dissolved)
2. solute (medium for dissolving solvent)
Molarity - Correct Answer the number of moles of solute per liter of solution
Solubility rules - Correct Answer SOLUBLE 1. alkali metals (group 1) & NH4+ cations
2. NO3- or CH3COO- anions 3. Cl, Br, I (except when bonded to Ag+, Pb2+ or Hg2+)
4. sulfate ions (except when with Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Pb2+)
INSOLUBLE 1. Metal oxides (except CaO, SrO, BaO)
2. Hydroxides (except when with Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+)
3. Carbonates, phosphates, sulfides, and sulfites (unless bound to alkali metal or NH4+)
Solubility product - Correct Answer Ksp = [A]^a[B]^b
**only products because we don't include solids in the equilibrium expression
for NaCl
- Ksp = x^2
for PbCl2
- Ksp = 4x^3
for Cr(OH)3
- Ksp = 27x^4 Large Ksp means - Correct Answer strong electrolyte (more soluble)
Strong acids - Correct Answer So I brought no clean clothes
1. H2SO4
2. HI
3. HBr
4. HNO3
5. HCl
6. HClO4
7. HClO3
Strong bases - Correct Answer 1. NaOH
2. LiOH
3. KOH
4. CsOH
5. RbOH
6. Ba(OH)2
7. Ca(OH)2
8. Sr(OH)2
Bases can certainly look pleasing (K), really something strong (Na)
Le Chatlier's principle: pressure - Correct Answer pressure applied (or volume reduced) --> equilibrium proceeds in direction with fewer moles
pressure removed (or volume increased) --> equilibrium proceeds in direction with more moles
Le Chatlier's principle: temperature - Correct Answer increasing temperature
